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Troy -an ancient city in Troas, northwestern Asia Minor, site of the Trojan War.
Ethiopians -the people of Ethiopia, an empire in eastern Africa.
Poseidon- in Greek mythology, god of the sea, younger brother of Zeus.
Hermes- herald and messenger of the gods, guide of deceased souls to the Land of the Dead.
Ogygia- Calypso's island in the middle of the sea. -
Gods talking about odesseus
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Zeaus daughter offers tfo go down and talk to telemachus
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takes over the kingdom=Zeusea
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her and telemachus descus about saving his father
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telemachus gathers people
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telemachus steps in his father shoes
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telemachus gives a speech loss of his father
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athena vists his on tellamachus trip
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antionous blames the impasse on penelope
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peneolpe choose a husband as soon as she finished
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Achaeans- here, a collective name for all Greeks, including Ithacans.
suitors- here, the men attempting to court Penelope.
Argive- another term for Greek.
Pylos- a seaport in the southwestern Peloponnesus in southern Greece, capital city of King Nestor.
-Sparta inland city in southern Peloponnesus, located in Laconia, home of King Menelaus and Queen Helen.
pernicious- deadly, destructive. -
King Priam- king of Troy, killed when the city fell to the Greeks.
flotilla- a small fleet of ships or small boats.
Myrmidons- legendary Greek warriors of ancient Thessaly who followed their king, Achilles, into the Trojan War.
Mycenae- Agamemnon's capital city, in the northeastern Peloponnesus of ancient Greece.
libations- liquids poured in offering to a god or gods as part of a religious ritual.
Cauconians- people living to the southwest of Pylos. -
telemachos is nervous about having to delver a speeech
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odessyus sided with athene finally reveels herby turing into an eagle
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telemachos arrives inpylos to find the citizens making sacrifices to poseten
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posedin is both powerful and highly temperamental
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telemachos accepts athena finally reveels her by turing into an eagle
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In Sparta, the king and queen, Menelaus and Helen, are celebrating the separate marriages of their son and daughter.
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Menelaus tells the famous story of the Trojan horse, Odysseus’s masterful gambit that allowed the Greeks to sneak into Troy and slaughter the Trojans.
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suitors at Odysseus’s house learn of Telemachus’s voyage and prepare to ambush him upon his return
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She becomes distraught when she reflects that she may soon lose her son in addition to her husband, but Athena sends a phantom in the form of Penelope’s sister, Iphthime, to reassure her.
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Iphthime tells her not to worry, for the goddess will protect Telemachus.
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Zeus- king of the gods in ancient Greek mythology.
Olympus- highest mountain in Greece and legendary home of the gods.
Aphrodite- goddess of love and beauty, daughter of Zeus.
Pharos- island near the mouth of Egypt's Nile river.
Proteus- the "Old Man of the Sea," a sea god and servant of Poseidon known for his ability to change shape.
Ajax- the Greek warrior whose offense at Athena's temple resulted in Odysseus' wanderings -
The gods have gathered again on Olympus. Poseidon is notably absent, and Athena once more advocates Odysseus' case. Zeus agrees to send his son Hermes immediately to Ogygia in order to liberate the king of Ithaca from Calypso.
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She provides a raft and supplies for Odysseus but no escort.
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Poseidon, returning from a visit to Ethiopia, spots Odysseus on the open sea, raises his trident, and sends a swamping storm that nearly drowns him
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Athena and a sea nymph named Leucothea, Odysseus makes it ashore on the island of Scheria, home of the Phaeacians.
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Tithonus in ancient Greek mythology, husband of Dawn.
Pieria region located north of Mount Olympus.
pungent having a sharp or piercing taste or smell; also, causing sharp pain, especially to the feelings.
ambrosia food of the gods, thought to grant immortality.
Orion mythological hunter or the constellation named after him.
Styx one of the rivers of the Land of the Dead across which the souls of the dead are ferried.
Pleiades, Plowman, Great Bear, and Hunter constellations. -
Nausicaa leaves him alone to wash the dirt and brine from his body, and Athena makes him look especially handsome, so that when Nausicaa sees him again she begins to fall in love with him.
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Athena appears in a dream to the Phaeacian princess Nausicaa, disguised as her friend.
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he encourages the young princess to go to the river the next day to wash her clothes so that she will appear more fetching to the many men courting her.
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The next morning, Nausicaa goes to the river, and while she and her handmaidens are naked, playing ball as their clothes dry on the ground, Odysseus wakes in the forest and encounters them. Naked himself, he humbly yet winningly pleads for their assistance, never revealing his identity
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Afraid of causing a scene if she walks into the city with a strange man at her side, Nausicaa gives Odysseus directions to the palace and advice on how to approach Arete, queen of the Phaeacians, when he meets her.
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Artemis goddess of the hunt, twin sister of Apollo.
brine sea water, salt water.
Apollo god of archery.
sceptered invested with authority.
Ares god of war, lover of Aphrodite. -
On his way to the palace of Alcinous, the king of the Phaeacians, Odysseus is stopped by a young girl who is Athena in disguise
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Odysseus finds the palace residents holding a festival in honor of Poseidon.
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He then explains his predicament, and the king and queen gladly promise to see him off the next day in a Phaeacian ship.
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Later that evening, when the king and queen are alone with Odysseus, the wise Arete recognizes the clothes that he is wearing as ones that she herself had made for her daughter Nausicaa.
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Alcinous is so impressed with his visitor that he offers Odysseus his daughter’s hand in marriage.
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The next day, Alcinous calls an assembly of his Phaeacian counselors.
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The next day, Alcinous calls an assembly of his Phaeacian counselors.
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The king notices Odysseus’s grief and ends the feast so that the games can begin.
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The games include the standard lineup of boxing, wrestling, racing, and throwing of the discus.
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After identifying himself to the Phaeacians at the feast, Odysseus tells the story of his wanderings.
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Following the victory at Troy, he and his men sail to Ismarus, the stronghold of the Cicones. With apparent ease, they sack the city, kill the men, enslave the women, and enjoy a rich haul of plunder.
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Odysseus advises his men to leave immediately with their riches, but they ignore his warnings. Odysseus and his men retreat by sea.
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he inhabitants are not hostile; however, eating the lotus plant causes Odysseus' men to lose memory and all desire to return home.
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he next stop is the land of the Cyclops, lawless one-eyed giants. One of them, Polyphemus, traps Odysseus and a scouting party in his cave. Only the Greek hero's wily plan allows escape.
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Ismarus an ancient seaport on the Aegean Sea, north and slightly west of Troy, home of the Cicones.
Malea southeastern cape of the Peloponnesus.
Cythera a Greek island located between the Peloponnesus and Crete.
fathom a unit of length equal to six feet, used to measure the depth of water.
dam the female parent of any four-legged animal.
bellwether a ram, usually castrated, that wears a bell around its neck and is followed by the other sheep. -
Aeolus, the son of Hippotas. he is a minor God and has power over the wind.(lived on the island)
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odysseus and his men had out written polphemus despite losing serveral men
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they came to aeolia island
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ships and spearing the men like so many fish
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He fell asleep, which allowed his crew to open the bag of winds and blow them off course
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squalls brief, sudden, and violent windstorms.
Perse a sea nymph, wife of the Sungod (Helios) and mother of Circe.
Pramnian a type of wine often used in potions or medicines.
moly an herb of magic powers.
nymph a female nature spirit or goddess.
Persephone queen of the underworld.
sodden thoroughly saturated, drunk -
odysseus promies For the breathless dead he will sacrifice his best cow once he gets to Ithaca; and for Tiresias he will sacrifice his best looking black lamb.
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He promises to return to Circe's island and bury the body of Elpenor.
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his crew goes To the land of the dead
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He has to constantly push a heavy boulder up a steep hill, and when he reaches the top the gods send the boulder back down and he must begin all over again.
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back on Circe's island ot get Elepenor odysseaus and his men
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serens are women who sing and lure men to their island to die
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odysseus men did by Helios threatens to stop shining the sun if they don't make a sacrifice so Zeus throws a lightning bolt and kills all Odysseus men and destroys his ship
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crews punishment for eating the cattle is they die
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Odysseus is amazed to finally be home. He first encounters Athena there, in disguise, who helps him bring his gifts to a cave.
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After being gone for twenty years, Athena explains to him what has been going on in his palace
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he tells him about the suitors who eat Odysseus's food and drink his wine while insisting that Penelope choose a new husband because Odysseus is most likely dead
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Then after revealing her true identity, she magically changes Odysseus's appearance to resemble an old beggar so that he can travel about without being recognized as he decides what to do next.
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Phaecians giving Odysseus many gifts and returning him home safely to Ithaca.
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Odysseus arrives at Eumaeus' home as a beggar. Eumaeus welcomes him into his home. Odysseus tries to convince Eumaeus that Odysseus is coming home. Theme; I think this will lead into 'you get what you deserve' type of theme because Eumaeus is good and he might get something good in return.
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elemachus will come home and not know who disguised Odysseus is. I think Odysseus will reveal himself to Telemachus near the end of the next book and then it will leave of the wanting to plan to kill the suitors.
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Eumaeus complain about The suitors
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Eumaeus job slave
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Athene makes her way to Spart
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Telemachus go after returning from Sparta Eumaeus
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telamacheus ends up where his father was
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telemachus goes the the house of eumaeus
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eumaeus ask telemachus to take in odysseus
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telemachus cant kill the suitors fast because if he does no one in his family can take the throne
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penelope she will foil the plan againt the suitors when she finds out odysseus had retunred
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suitors want to kill telemchaus because the want to break the family line for the trone
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Telemachus leaves Odysseus and Eumaeus returns to palace; Penelope and Eurycleia welcome him emotionally
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Telemachus meets Theoclymenus and Piraeus in palace; tells Piraeus not to bring back gifts from Menelaus in fear of the suitors stealing them if they kill him
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Theoclymenus says he swears Odysseus is in Ithaca at that very moment
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Eumaeus announces he must return to his hut and pigs; leaves Telemachus and Odysseus alone w/ suitors
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Arnaeus odyeseus meets
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Athena gives Odysseus extra strength and stature
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When Odysseus responds with insults of his own, Eurymachus throws a stool at him but misses, hitting a servant instead.
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When Odysseus responds with insults of his own, Eurymachus throws a stool at him but misses, hitting a servant instead.
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Odysseus instructs Telemachus to gather the weapons and hide them where they will not be readily available to the suitors the next day.
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Melantho, the disrespectful servant girl who sleeps with Eurymachus, confronts the beggar/Odysseus once more.
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Odysseus immediately and sternly swears her to silence, forbidding her even to tell Penelope his identity.
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Penelope and Odysseus both have trouble sleeping that night. Odysseus worries that he and Telemachus will never be able to conquer so many suitors, but Athena reassures him that through the gods all things are possible.
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dysseus and Telemachus meet, in succession, the swineherd Eumaeus, the foul Melanthius, and Philoetius, a kindly and loyal herdsman who says that he has not yet given up hope of Odysseus’s return.
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The suitors laugh and laugh, failing to notice that they and the walls of the room are covered in blood and that their faces have assumed a foreign, ghostly look all of which Theoclymenus interprets as portents of inescapable doom.
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Penelope gets Odysseus’s bow out of the storeroom and announces that she will marry the suitor who can string it and then shoot an arrow through a line of twelve axes
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Odysseus easily strings it and sends the first arrow he grabs whistling through all twelve axes.
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Eurycleia calls for Penelope; Penelope has been sleeping through whole entire fight between Odysseus and the suitors
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Penelope doesn't believe Eurycleia; Penelope goes downstairs to check it out
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Odysseus doesn't care because he has other problems to worry about; He just killed all the noble men of Ithaca
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The suitors' parents will get pissed off at Odysseus for killing their children
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The final book opens with Hermes, the traditional guide, leading the souls of the dead suitors to the Land of dead . These souls pass such Greek heroes as Achilles and Agamemnon. One of the suitors recites the story of the courtship of Penelope, her resistance to the suitors, and Odysseus' revenge.
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Back on Ithaca, Odysseus arrives at his father's farm and approaches Laertes, who looks and acts more like a slave than a former king. After identifying himself, Odysseus joins Laertes, Telemachus, and the two faithful herdsmen for a homecoming meal.
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Meanwhile, rumor of the slaughter has spread through the city, and Eupithes, father of Antinous calls for revenge. More than half of the men follow Eupithes to Laertes' farm, seeking Odysseus and vengeance. Only the intervention of Athena, again appearing as Mentor, avoids another major battle and perhaps civil war.
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When Odysseus returns, Eurymachus has the bow. He feels disgraced that he cannot string it, because he knows that this failure proves his inferiority to Odysseus.
