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1513
Spanish Exploration of Florida and the Southwest
Juan Ponce de Leon and Spanish venture into US, claim Atlantic Coast from Florida to Newfoundland -
1521
Leon death
Dies from arrow wound shot by Indian in Florida. He was in search of slaves and gold -
Period: to
Barbados and sugar and Virginia tobacco appeared profitable enough for transatlantic commerce.
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Period: to
Value of trade between Spain and New Spain fell by 60%
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Period: to
Louis XIV reign
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Parliament banned foreign ships trading with English colonies
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Period: to
Value of New Spain's export dropped 75%
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Period: to
Alteration of European dietary habits
75% of goods to Amsterdam and 85% coming to London were tobacco and sugar products -
Navigation Acts passed by Parliament
Mercantilist laws combatting Dutch supremacy against English government -
Enumeration Act
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Period: to
Dutch minor wars with England over commerce
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French crown takes control of Canada
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Period: to
Population increase in Canada
3,000 to 14,000 -
Colbert oversees creation of French East India Co.
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Crown sends 1,000 soldiers to Canada
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Period: to
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
Pursued a mercantilist strategy to combat Dutch dominance of Transatlantic trade. -
English corsair Robert Searles sacked St. Augustine
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Parliament passed Plantation duty act and customs service
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Louis Joliet and Jacques Marquette travel down to Arkansas
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Period: to
Quakers head to PA
10,000 quakers, about half of those in England left to PA. -
Charles II grants land Pennsylvania
William Penn -
First Frame of Government
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Rene Robert Cavalier followed Mississippi to Mexican gulf
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French established Compagnie du Nord
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Period: to
French and English battle for control of Hudson river
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The Navigation Act
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Iberville began to establish French settlement of lower Mississippi Valley
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Iberville established Fort Maurepas
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Spain's system was in tatters
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Penn sets forth Charter of Privileges
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Lower half of PA becomes Delaware
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Period: to
Adult white men in British North America objected to Virtual representation
Parliament represents colonies -
Period: to
Free women called themselves Daughters of Liberty
at forefront of nonconsumption movement -
James Otis of Boston challenged the writs as an unconstitutional violation of rights
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Proclamation Line
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American revenue act (sugar act)
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Currency Act
Prohibited the colonies from using paper currency- and forced them to use silver and gold -
Stamp Act
All papers must have a stamp indicating it had been paid for -
Sons of Liberty formed
They organized protests and wrote letters in newspapers -
Politics of the streets
Mocked "stamping" rituals to ridicule new regulations -
John Dickinson urges Americans to follow in footsteps of the Swiss
"coarse clothes and simple furniture" could help them "defend their liberty" -
American nonconsumption movement
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Townshend Duties
taxed paper, lead, glass, paint and tea -
Residents of Spanish New Orleans revolted against Spanish
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Treaty of Fort Stanwix
Moved proclamation line west of the Ohio River -
First four British regiments arrive in Boston Harbour
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Value of British NA exports exceeded the value of imports for the first time
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Parliament repealed nearly all of the Townshend taxes
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Boston Massacre
Samuel Adams turns case into anti-British propaganda -
Tea Act
British tea cheaper than smuggled Dutch imports -
Boston tea party
Colonists dressed Indian style and dumped 10,000 euros worth of tea into the Boston Harbour -
Virginians kill a group of Shawnee women and children
Escalates in Dunmore's War, Indians forced to yield Kentucky region -
Quebec Act
Merged Ohio Valley region with (former) French Canada into one single colony -
First Continental Congress
55 men from 12 colonies attended this in Philadelphia. Drafted a petition to George III for relief from Coercive Acts and tea tax, while compromising things on their end. -
George III ordered gage to seize military supplies in Concord
Fighting at Lexington and Concord -
San Fransisco founded
Carlos III separates region composed of California, New Mexico, and Texas and names it "Provincias Internas" under control of Spanish crown -
Population wants to be separate from Britain, but enslaved people want liberty WITH Britain
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English build factories to produce fabric previously imported from India
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Period: to
Post-war contributed to economic depression
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Planters in S.Carolina and Georgia resume importation of Africans as slaves
Even after a wartime suspension of the trade -
British Lord Sheffield wrote that the US "should not be, for a long time, either to be feared or regarded as a nation."
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Period: to
Congress uses bills of credit
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Period: to
Slave traders from Britain, France, Denmark and Holland shipped 11k people to SC and GA
In 1787, with an oversupply, SC shut down trade again -
Land Ordinance
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Bills of credit transition to war bonds
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English man Samuel Slater arrives in US with purpose of adapting British technology to American social conditions
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Another round of Atlantic Revolutions, beginning in Paris
sparked by nobles refusing to give up certain privileges -
First patent Act
promoted the progress of useful arts -
Interchangeable parts
French gunman Honore Blanc demonstrated the composition of his musket -
US Post office organized
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Eli Whitney made cotton gin
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Period: to
Charles Newbold, David Peacock, and Jethro Wood patented cast iron plows
outpaced wooden ones -
Shortlived national Bankruptcy Act
People who couldn't pay debt compelled to declare bankruptcy and start fresh -
Period: to
boom-bust cycle
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Period: to
Virginia exported 300k enslaved people, and Mississippi gained 130k
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Bankruptcy act repealed
due to fear of collusion between debtors and creditors -
Period: to
European Wars
Marks an end of a century of conflict among European empires over land, trade, and power. -
Napoleon crowns himself emperor of France
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Britain banned Atlantic slave trade
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Congress passed Embargo Act
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Robert Fulton developed American steamboat
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US Congress ends importation of African captives
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German immigrant, John Jacob Astor, founds American fur company
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Nonintercourse Act
US resume trade with all countries except Britain and France -
Period: to
US population in Great lakes region and Southern Mississippi Valley tripled
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US declare war on Britain
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Commander Oliver Perry destroyed British forces at Put-in-Bay on lake Erie
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Francis Cabot Lowell establishes Boston Manufacturing Company
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Second Bank of the US
Most powerful bank in history by far -
Congress established a federal tarriff on US imports
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James Madison vetoed bill that would have earmarked US bank dividends to pay for transportation projects
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Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Chief justice Marshall declared a private corporation the same protected rights as a US citizen -
Panic of 1819
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Waltham-Lowell System established
Brought all fabric production (carding, spinning, weaving, and fulling) under one management -
Erie Canal is finally finished- Hudson river (Albany) to Lake Erie (Buffalo)
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Charles Carroll deems Baltimore and Ohio railroad
last living signer of declaration -
Period: to
Railroad construction begins
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NY carpenters and such organize General Trades Union to organize strikes and push for higher wages
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Female workers at Lowell Mills protested wage cut
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Cyrus McCormick patented horse-drawn reaper
power of 14 men -
Period: to
"Great Hunger" in Ireland
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Period: to
More than 10k different kinds of paper were in circulation