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Ernst Mach (18FEB1838-19FEB1916)
Ernst Mach was known for establishing principles for wave dynamics, optics, and mechanics. In 1860 he discovered what is now called "Mach's bands". Mach's bands are when the human eye can see dark bands or bright bands near sharply differing illumination. For 20 years between 1873-1893 Mach found a way to measure sound waves and wave propagation through optical and photographic techniques. Also in 1887 he established Mach number which is the ratio of velocity of an object to velocity of sound. -
Charles Darwin (12FEB1809-19APR1882)
Charles Darwin is known for the scientific theory of evolution. Charles created this theory on his own in 1837-39. In 1859 he finally released his theory on "On the origin of Species". In 1844 Darwin released a 35 page sketch of his theory of natural selection. Charles whole theory of evolution is that since the beginning of time species evolved to the humans we are today. After releasing his theory to the public in 1859 it brought attention and questions to whether religion is is true or not. -
John Dewey (20OCT1859-01JUN1952)
John Dewey was known for pragmatism. John's version of pragmatism was "instrumentalism". During the mid-19th century and early 20th century Darwin believed the distinction between the physical world and mental experience as "messy". Instrumentalism is scientific theories are tools to use to solve practical problems. -
Edmund Husserl (08APR1859-27APR1938)
Edmund Husserl was the founder of phenomenology. What phenomenology is the problem solving between empiricism and rationalism. Some of Edmunds students from 1905 saw phenomenology as a way to fix their spiritual life. Phenomenology was know as the renewal of spiritual life and universal science.
