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Tariff of Abomination/Tariff of 1828
The purpose was to inflate the cost of imported goods because it was to protect growing domestic industries, making America less likely to buy foreign products which would benefit domestic counterparts. The tariff was supported by manufacturers in middle and northern eastern states, farmers in western states. Southern states opposed this tariff, found it as an abomination because it affected their trade with Britain, they framed increases in raw materials try to win the vote against the tariff. -
South Carolina Exposition and Protest
The South Carolina Exposition and Protest is where Jackson and John C. declared that states had the right to nullify oppressive national legislation. John C. believes that the constitution gave congress the power to lay and collect impose duty, but only for the use of revenue. which he believes is different from imposing protective or prohibited duties/tariffs and leads him believe that it is a violation. The leaders of South Carolina oppose the tariffs because it limits and controls the people. -
Webster and Hayne Debate
The Webster and Hayne Debate was a debate over tariffs, western lands, and internal improvements. Hayne believed that a state could nullify a federal law, Webster disagreed and believed that they could not nullify laws. -
The Tariff of 1832
The Tariff of 1832 was passed by Congress and signed by Jackson. This tariff was to alter or amend the acts imposing duties on imports. It was meant to reduce or eliminate some of the protective measures that were adopted by the tariff of 1828. This tariff was made to address and to show hostility to the southerner's opposition on the tariff of 1828. But this did not please Southerners, but instead led them to pass the Ordinance of Nullification and this action almost led to civil war. -
Ordinance of Nullification
The ordinance of nullification declared that the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional, null, and void within the state borders. This was passed by the Southern states government as a response to the tariff of 1832. Southern states also threatened separation from the union. This ordinance is what started the "nullification crisis", to which Jackson responded with the threat of using military force, which could lead to warfare. -
Jackson's proclamation
This proclamation was directed towards South Carolina citizens and stated the reasons why Jackson opposed the Ordinance of Nullification. Jackson's proclamation warned the people of South Carolina that they shouldn't support the nullification because it could cause disunion. Also, Jackson believes that one state should not have the power to annul a law and believes that nullification violates the Constitution because it is not compatible with the principles that made the Constitution. -
Force Bill
The force bill gave the president authority to use military power in order to enforce laws. It allowed the president to use the military force in order to put down nullification in South Carolina. This bill was only affective until the conclusion of the next congressional session. This along with clays compromise brought peace and union. -
Clay's Tariff Bill/Compromise Tariff
Clay's tariff made all duties in excess of 20% of the value of the goods that were imported which were supposed to decrease yearly. This was made to modify the acts that imposed duties on imports. This compromise diffuses the situation of the Ordinance of Nullification and was made to prevent warfare. This compromise was accepted by the Southerners and ended the nullification crisis. This preserved peace and union between the states.