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South Carolina Exposition
Written by John C. Calhoun as a response to the tariff of abominations that reinforced the idea of nullification and claimed the tariff to be unconstitutional and that the states have a right to nullify the tariff. -
Tariff of 1828
Designed to protect industries in the North and western products from foreign competition by placing taxes on foreign goods. The taxes made Southern living more expensive. Southern democrats were angry about this so they made the South Carolina Exposition and Protest calling for nullification of the tax. -
Tariff of 1832
It was passed to reduce the existing tax rates to help solve and relieve the conflict of the tariff of abominations. Southerners were angry since their economy was suffering from the high priced goods. Because of this they saw the tariffs as unconstitutional. -
South Carolina Nullification
South Carolina was the most upset of the tariffs and the increase in prices of goods. To help show their anger they declared they had the right to nullify the tariffs and any law passed by government. -
Jackson's Proclamation Against Nullification
In response to the South Carolina's nullification of the tariffs, Jackson responded by stating that states do not have the right to nullify a federal law that they believe is unconstitutional. He was against it because he did not feel states should have that power. -
Hayne's Counter Proclamation
As a response to Jackson dismissing South Carolina's nullification proclamation, Hayne's claimed that if a state is being oppressed by a law the state can deem the law unconstitutional and void. He sent troops to South Carolina by continuing to nullify the federal tariffs due to the South's anger about these taxes. -
Force Bill
It allowed for President Jackson to issue federal troops to forcefully enforce any law, and in this case tariffs, in act of nullification in states. It also offered a compromise, by passing a lower federal tariff in 1833. It expanded presidential powers by giving him the authority to compel South Carolina to comply with federal tariffs and use force. -
South Carolina Repeal of Nullification
The South Carolina convention reconvened in response to their nullification ordinance being dismissed. They called for a repeal on their nullification of the tariffs that were placed to protect Northern industries to try to have power to nullify those tariffs.