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1812 – 1840 Oregon Trail most active
The eastern part of the Oregon Trail spanned part of the state of Kansas, and nearly all of what are now the states of Nebraska and Wyoming. The western half of the trail spanned most of the states of Idaho and Oregon. -
1832 black hawks war
brief conflict between the United States and Native Americans led by Black Hawk, a Sauk leader. -
1845 Texas becomes an independent state
texas became independent -
MAR 4, 1845 – MAR 4, 1849 Presidency of James K. Polk
11th president of the United States. -
APR 25, 1846 – FEB 2, 1848 Mexican American War
armed conflict between the United States and the United Mexican States -
1847, Mormon migration to Utah
Mormon settlers left and headed west along the California Trail -
FEB 2, 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The war officially ended with the February 2, 1848, signing in Mexico of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. -
DEC 30, 1853 Gadsden Purchase
The Gadsden Purchase is a 29,670-square-mile region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico -
JAN 24, 1848 – 1855 California Gold Rush
The news of gold brought some 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad -
APR 29, 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty
an agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people