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Hatshepsut was the most notable female pharaoh who ruled during the New Kingdom. She commissioned the construction of many obelisks and statues and, instead of conquering, focused her reign on establishing trade.
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15 years after her reign began, Hatshepsut disappeared. It is unsure why exactly she disappeared, but some people speculate that Thutmose may have killed her to take power, although she may have peacefully died.
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Akhenaton, during his reign, tried to establish monotheism in Egypt by ordering only the god Aten to be worshipped. However, after his passing, this fell apart once the priests convinced the next pharaoh to abolish the monotheism.
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Tutankhamen (affectionately called King Tut) took the throne after Akhenaton and abolished monotheism in Egypt with the encouragement of the priests. His reign didn't last long because he died at the tender age of 20. His tomb is the least ransacked tomb archeologists had found, with most items left intact and untouched.
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Ramses II, also known as Ramses the Great, was a powerful pharaoh who reigned during the time of Moses. He was a conqueror, unlike Hatshepsut, and is often considered the last powerful pharaoh of Egypt. Succeeding him, most of the pharaohs were weak/weaker.
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Ramses II died when he was over 90, with his 66 year reign being the longest ever reign of a single pharaoh. His long rule brought forth consistency and order for Egypt. Before his death, Ramses was observed to suffer from arthritis and dental issues.
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After Ramses II's reign, most of the succeeding pharaohs were weak, which resulted in Egypt being overtaken by foreign powers. Macedonia, led by Alexander the Great, invaded and overtook Egypt and ruled for a while. Queen Cleopatra was the most notable leader from this era. She (likely) committed suicide when Rome began to invade Egypt because she was afraid of becoming a prisoner of war.