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The Soviet Union sent a dog nicknamed Laika aboard the spacecraft Sputnik.
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The Soviet Union launched the earth's first artificial satellite, Sputnik. Citizens had hoped the United States would accomplish the advancement first.
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The USA sent its first satellite Explorer 1 that was part of the USA's participation in the International Geophysical Year.
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The Creation of NASA or ( The National Aeronautics and Space Act), was intended to provide for research into problems of flight within and outside the earth's atmosphere.
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Ham, a chimpanzee, also known as Ham the Chimp, was the first Great Ape launched in space.
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Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin was a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut who became the first human to journey into outer space. Travelling in the Vostok 1 capsule, Gagarin.
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Alan B. Shepard became the first American in space during a suborbital flight aboard his Mercury capsule named Freedom 7.
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Astronaut John H. Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth during the three-orbit Mercury-Atlas 6 mission, aboard the spacecraft he named Friendship 7.
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"We choose to go to the Moon", officially titled the Address at Rice University on the Nation's Space Effort, is a September 12, 1962, speech by United States President John F. Kennedy to bolster public support for his proposal to land a man on the Moon before 1970.
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They helped NASA understand and master the challenges of spacewalking.
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The first EVA was performed on March 18, 1965, by Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov, who spent 12 minutes and 9 seconds outside the Voskhod 2 spacecraft.
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US astronaut Edward White (1930–67) was the first American to perform an “extra-vehicular activity” (EVA), or spacewalk.
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This mission included the first American spacewalk. The objective of the mission was to test the performance of the astronauts and capsule and to evaluate work procedures, schedules, and flight planning for an extended length of time in space.
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The original crew for Gemini 9, command pilot Elliot See and pilot Charles Bassett, were killed in a crash on February 28, 1966, while flying a T-38 jet trainer to the McDonnell Aircraft plant in St. Louis, Missouri to inspect their spacecraft.
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The primary mission objective were to perform rendezvous and four docking tests with the Agena target vehicle and to execute an ExtraVehicular Activity (EVA) experiment.
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Apollo 1 was expected to fly to Earth orbit later in 1967 with astronauts Gus Grissom, Roger Chaffee and Ed White on board. During a test on the launch pad, however, a fire erupted and rapidly asphyxiated all three astronauts.
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Apollo 7 (October 11 – 22, 1968) was the first crewed flight in NASA's Apollo program, and saw the resumption of human spaceflight by the agency after the fire that killed the three Apollo 1 astronauts during a launch rehearsal test on January 27, 1967.