Music History

By MeghanOHarra
  • Period: 800 to 814

    Charlemange

    Between 500-600 melodies were developed during his reign for Gregorian chants.
  • 900

    "Musica Enchiriadis"

    This term describes what is now known as "counterpoint," where a voice moves separately from the rest of the choir.
  • 1030

    Guido of Arezzo "Micrologus"

    He developed a system for sight-singing, and he used a hexachord system.
  • Period: 1098 to 1179

    Hildegard of Bingen

  • Period: 1100 to 1348

    Troubadours and Trobairitz

    Began in the High Middle Ages, and ended with the Black Plague.
  • Period: 1163 to 1225

    Notre Dame Polyphony

  • 1230

    Carmina Burana manuscript

    254 Latin poems written between the 11th and 13th centuries. They were compiled in 1230, and Carl Orff later put 24 to music.
  • 1280

    Franco of Cologne "Ars cantus mensurabilis"

    Conceptualized subdivisions of the beat, as well as consonant and dissonant intervals.
  • Period: 1300 to 1377

    Guillaume de Machaut

  • 1323

    "Ars nova" treatise

    Allowed for duple and triple subdivisions in notation.
  • Period: 1325 to 1397

    Francesco Landini

  • Period: 1450 to

    Renaissance

  • 1454

    Gutenberg Printing Press

  • 1485

    Josquin’s "Ave Maria Virgo Serena" Motet

  • 1529

    Martin Luther’s Ein feste burg

  • 1538

    Arcadelt "Il bianco e dolce cigno"

  • 1562

    "Pope Marcellus" Mass

  • Period: 1580 to

    Concerto delle Donne

    In Ferrara

  • Musica Transalpina

    English Madrigals, which were poorly translated, and many words were merely replaced with nonsense syllables.

  • Sonata pian’e forte

    Composed by Giovanni Gabrieli in Venice for St. Mark's Cathedral, this sonata was the first piece to have dynamics, as well as the first known piece to call for 2 opposing brass choirs.
  • Period: to

    Baroque Era

  • L'Orfeo by Monteverdi

  • Period: to

    Versaille's Orchestras

    Began with "Petit Violons" but grew to full orchestras.

  • Public Concerts in Englad

  • Period: to

    Johann Sebastian Bach

  • Period: to

    George Frederic Handel

  • Purcell's Dido and Aeneas

  • Period: to

    Farinelli

  • Vivaldi "L'Estro Armonico"

  • Brandenburg Concertos

  • Rameau's "Traité de l’harmonie"

  • Well-Tempered Clavier, Vol. I

  • Period: to

    Pre-Classical Period

  • Period: to

    Franz Josef Haydn

  • La Serva Padrona

  • Handel's Messiah

  • J. Quantz "Essays on Playing the Flute"

  • Period: to

    WA Mozart

  • Gluck's Orfeo ed Euridice

    Beginning of opera reform, where excessively complex plots and scores were replaced with "noble simplicity."
  • Period: to

    Viennese Classical Period

  • Period: to

    Ludwig van Beethoven

  • Mozart's Piano Concerto no 23

  • Don Giovanni

  • Period: to

    London Symphonies

  • Period: to

    Franz Schubert

  • Beethoven Symphony No. 3 "Eroica"

  • Period: to

    Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy

  • Period: to

    Robert Schumann

  • Period: to

    Frederic Chopin

  • Period: to

    Franz Liszt

  • Period: to

    Richard Wagner

    Expanded pit orchestra, developed modern conducting, aided in the destruction of tonality.
  • Period: to

    Giuseppe Verdi

    Solidified initial opera structure

  • Schubert Erlkönig

  • Barber of Seville

  • Niccolo Paganini 's 24 Caprices for Unaccompanied Violin, op.1

  • Schubert Symphony No. 8 "Unfinished"

  • Beethoven Symphony No. 9

    Composed 1823

  • Berlioz Symphonie Fantastique

  • Mazurkas Op.7

  • Period: to

    Johannes Brahms

  • Period: to

    Carnaval, Op. 9

  • Fanny Hensel "Das Jahr"

  • Berlioz Treatise on Instrumentation

  • Violin Concerto in E minor

  • Invention of the Saxophone patent date

    by Antoine-Joseph Sax

  • 12 Études d’exécution transcendante

  • La Traviata

  • Period: to

    Louis Moreau Gottschalk's Souvenir de Porto Rico

  • Tristan und Isolde

  • Der Ring Nibelungen

  • Musikverein

  • Smetana's Ma Vlast-Moldau

  • Boris Godunov

  • Carmen

  • Brahms' Symphony No. 4

  • Otello

  • Mahler Symphony no. 1

  • Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker

  • Dvorak Symphony from the New World

  • Prélude à l’aprés midi d’un faune

  • "Maple Leaf Rag"

  • Jean Sibelius "Finlandia"

  • Schoenberg "Pierrot Lunaire"

  • Stravinsky "Le Sacre du Printemps"

  • Les Six Francais

    Arthur Honegger, Darius Milhaud, Francis Poulenc, Germaine Tailleferre, Georges Auric, and Louis Durey met at the Paris Conservatory in 1917, dubbed "Les Six Francais" in 1920

  • Schoenberg Piano Suite, Op. 25

  • George Gershwin "Rhapsody in Blue"

  • "The Banshee" Henry Cowell

  • Louis Armstrong "Hotter Than That"

  • Shostakovich Symphony no. 5

  • Prokofiev "Alexander Nevsky"

  • Duke Ellington "Cottontail"

  • Olivier Messiaen's "Quatuor pour le fine du temps"

  • Bartok Concerto for Orchestra

  • Appalachian Spring

  • John Cage's 4'33"

  • Edward Varese's "Poeme Electronique"

  • Miles Davis "Kind of Blue"

  • George Crumb's Black Angels

    Electric string quartet written as a lament for the Vietnam War. It is centered around 13 and 7. Its odd instrumentation includes electric string instruments, crystal glasses, and two suspended tam-tam gongs.

  • Del Tredici "Final Alice"

  • Phillip Glass "Koyaanisqatsi"

  • John Adams' "Short Ride in a Fast Machine"

  • John Adams' "Dr. Atomic"