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Period: 500 to 1450
Medieval Period
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1030
Guido of Arezzo "Microlugus"
4 line staff
relative pitch
sight singing syllables
round b (flat) and square b (natural) -
Period: 1098 to 1179
Hildegard of Bingen
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1323
Ars Nova Treatise
Laid the groundwork for modern notation.
Introduced "breve" "semibreve" and "Minim" note values
Triple= perfect
Duple= imperfect -
Period: 1450 to
Renaissance
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1485
Josquin "Ave Maria"
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1529
Martin Luther's "Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott" ("A Mighty Fortress is our God")
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1538
Arcadelt "Il Bianco e dolce cigno"
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1567
Palestrina's "Pope Marcellus Mass"
Legend has it that this work proved sacred words could be intelligible in polyphonic music with 6 voices -
Victoria "Missa O magnum mysterium"
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Gabrieli "Sonata Pian e Forte"
Specified which instruments played which parts
First piece in western music to contain written dynamics -
Period: to
Baroque
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Monteverdi's "L'Orfeo"
Commissioned for the Duke of Mantua's wedding, "L'Orfeo" is recognized as the first opera to enter the standard repertory. -
First Public Concerts in England
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Period: to
JS Bach
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Antonio Vivaldi's "L’Estro Armonico"
Of Vivaldi's 500 concertos, "L'Estro Armonico" was responsible for kickstarting the popularity of Italian Concertos in the rest of Europe. -
"Well Tempered Clavier" Volume 1
Contains 24 preludes and fugues in each major and minor key. Showed the possibilities of playing in every key with an instrument tuned in equal-temperament. -
Rameau's "Traité de l’harmonie"
Translates to "Treatise on Harmony". Considered the most influential theoretical work, it collected the practices of other composers, such as Corelli. Functional harmony, as it is taught today, has its basis in this work. -
Period: to
Franz Josef Haydn
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Handel's "Messiah"
This oratorio was special in that it innovated the oratorio as a whole, by having the chorus participate in the story, akin to a Greek chorus. -
Period: to
WA Mozart
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Period: to
Viennese Classical Period
Characterized by its simplicity and focus on symmetry. -
Period: to
Le Chevalier des Saint-Georges as Music Director of Concert des Amateurs
Le Chevalier des Saint-Georges, the son of a French Colonial Official and an African slave, was the Music Director at one of the most esteemed orchestras in Europe. -
Mozart's "Don Giovanni"
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Haydn's Symphony No. 94 "Surprise"
