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Period: to
Modern Georgia History
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Slavery
Keeping of African Americans having to work against their will -
MIssouri Compromise
Missouri was admitted as a slave state. Maine was created as a free state. Slavery would not be allowed in states north of the 36' 30' line of latitude. -
Nullification
When a state rejects a federal law. -
Georgia Platform
Georgia could only agree to compromise if North stopped trying to ban slavery in new territories. The north strictly enforced the fugitive slave act. -
Coprimise of 1850
California was admitted as a free state. The slave trade was abolished in Washington D.C. Very strict fugitive slave act was passed. Led to Georgia Platform. -
Dred Scott Case
In 1857. Destroyed all comrimises of the previous 30 years. -
Kansas/Nebraska Act
Allowed Kansas & Nebraska to choose if they wanted slaves. Northerners complained. Caused war to break out. Kown as "Bleeding Kansas". 200 people were killed. -
The Election of 1860
Abraham Lincon won the election. He did not win any southern states. Directly led to secession in the south. December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede from the U.S. -
Secede
To seperate & form their own country. -
Battle if Antietam
The bloodiest day in U.S. history. -
Emancipation Proclamation
Made slaves in rebellious states free. January 1863. -
Andersonville
Camp for union soldiers. 13,00 union soldiers died in the camp. Prisoners suffered from starvation. 45,000 soldiers were held there over the war. Prison commander was hanged for war crimes. -
Gettysburg
45,000 people dies. Gettysburg adress brought unity to union.
1st day - union & confederates collide just west of Gettysburg,
2nd day - union holds of many confederates send 20,000 men into union center. -
Battle of Chickamauga
16,000 union cassualties & 18,000 confederates. 2nd bloodest battle, the south won. -
Sherman's Atlanta Compain
Cut iff railroads & fought in Jonesborough, Sherman captures Atlanta. Sherman wants to March to Savannah. When he is allowed to make his march, burns Atlanta's buildings & houses. -
Sherman's March To THe Sea
60,000 troops. 50 mile wide path of destruction, Ended in Savannah. He captured the city of Savannah. Destroyed many southern factories in the process, -
Reconstruction
The process of rebuilding. 10th of voters had to take oath. Lincon was assassinated. Each southen state had to create a new Government, South also had to agree to abolish slavery. Congress wanted to punish the south. -
Admendments
13th - abolished slavey in U.S.
14th - gave citizenship to freed slaves.
15th - garebteed all citizens the right to vote regaurdless of race or previous conditions. -
The Freedan's Bureau
Gave supplies to freed slaves. Provided legal services. Established schools. Helped poor whites. -
Jim Crow Laws
Mandated the segregation of African American & whites. Africans were commonly called colored. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson
Challenged Jim Crow Laws. Most famous challenge was Plessy vs. Railroad company. Plessy was arrested for sitting in a white only car. Segregation was not against constitution. 'Sperate But Equal." -
Disefranchisment
Given right to vote (enslaved men). Act of denying a person the right to vote. All women were disenfranchised. Poll tax was adopted in Georgia. Voter also had to demonstrate the he owned property. -
Racial Violence
Occured throughout the south. Continued for decades. Not until the civil rights movement in the 1960's would violence against African Americans slow in the region. -
Booker T. Washington
Dignify & glorify common labor. Was born into slavery. Educated by freedmen's school. Later champion education. Washington headed the Tuskegee institute in 1881. Prepared African Americans for agricultural & domestic work. Acomidationsim - widley acclaimed speech at the 1895 cotton states & the exposition in Atlanta -
W.E.B. DuBois
Critic of accomodationism. He viewed it as simply accepting the racism of southern whites. Founded Niargra movement. Thought African Americans should fight for total racial equality. -
Leo Frank Case
13 year old was murdered in textile mill. Leo Frank was blammed. Jim Conly blammed him (a janitor that was there that night). Leo was hanged, then found innocent later. -
Lugenia Burns Hope
Somebody who pushed for education in black communities. Worked in Atlanta. -
Alonzo Herndon
President of the Atlanta Life Insurance Company. Atlanta's wealthiest black citizen. -
World War 2
Just as new deal started, European nations began to turn into fascist dictators who promised to end the depression.
Germany - Adolf Hitler
Italy - Benito Mussolini
Japan - Hideki Tojo
War began September 1, 1939 with Germany's suprise attack on Poland. The world divided into groups for the 2nd time in the 20th cenrtury,
The Axis - Germany, Italy, Japan
Allied - Great Britian, France, Soviet Union -
Lend - Lease Act
Though U.S. was neutral, Roosevelt wanted the democratic nations of Europe (mainly France & Great Britian) to survive. In 1941, congress passed the Leand - Lease Act, lending to any country whose defense was critical to U.S. security, in exchange for bases on Greenland & Iceland. The U.S. ultimately provided the Allies with $50 billion in supplies. -
Pearl Harbor
Tensions between the U.S. & the Empire of Japan increased because of Japanese conquests of China, Tailand, & Indochina. On December 7, 1941 the Empire of Japan launched a surprise attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Crippled U.S. Pacific fleet, sinking or damaging 8 battleships, 13 other ships, 188 planes, & killing 2,400. It was 2nd attack in U.S. history next to 9-11. The following day, December 8, 1941, the U.S. Congress declared war on Japan. -
Bell Aircraft
Now Lockheed Martin. Located in Marietta, Georgia. -
World War 2
On June 6, 1944, U.S. led the D-day invasion of Nazi occupied Europe. By May 8, 1945, Hitler was dead & Nazi Germany surrendered to the Allies. By August 15, 1945, Japan surrendered to the Allies after the U.S. dropped atomic boms on Hiroshima & Nagasaki. -
Georgia Millitary Bases
Fort Olglethorpe - included an officer traning program.
Fort McPherson - contained a large military hospital.
Camp Handcock - training with machine guns.
Camp Gordon - was home of the 82nd division of the American expeditionary forces.
Camp Benning- later became Fort Benning. -
Savannah & Brunswick Shipyards
Built ships. Supplied jobs. -
Richard Russell
Bringing millitary bases in Georgia. U.S. Representative. -
Carl Vinson
Father of the 2nd ocean navy. Georgia governor & senator.