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Period: to
Timespan
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Comte + Positivism - I/T
evolving:
theological -> metaphysical -> positive
*EMPIRICAL KNOWLEDGE -
Education ^ - Hung., GB, Sw, I, F - I/T, S, C
Primary education - writing, reading, and math (basis skills) now provided, (believed would ultimately help industry and promote soc. change!) -
Darwin + Nat. S. - R, I/T, C
DID NOT INVENT EVOLUTION!!
books Origin of Species and Descent of Man, questioning our heritage...NOT from God, making church and others very angry. By end of cen., majority = YES evolution, still NO Nat. S. -
H. Spencer - I/T
"survival of the fittest"
DO NOT help weak, doesn't help society! -
Kulturkampf - P, I/T, S
Lead by Bismarck. Wanted churches to control still. Violent. Failed...really bad!! -
Nietzsche
Heroism = better. Wars got more done than Love. Christ. = not so great. -
Scientists and Contributions - I/T
Planck - Quantum Energy
Einstein - Time & Space = together
Heisenberg = prob.
Roentgen = X rays -
Realism - I/T, S
Wrote about how life really was. Depressing. total opposite of Romanticism. -
Freud
Id - impulses
Ego - awareness (conciousness)
Superego - norms that stop our impulses from getting out of hand