-
Period: 1300 to
Renaissance
The Renaissance was a period in european following the Middle Ages marked by a revival of Classical learning and values, exploration of new lands, scientific advancements like the Copernican model, the decline of feudalism, and innovations such as paper, printing, the compass, and gunpowder. Scholars viewed it as a renewal of ancient wisdom after a lengthy cultural stagnation. -
1420
Florence Cathedtral´s Dome
The dome of Florence, designed by Filippo Brunelleschi and completed between 1420 and 1436, is a masterpiece of Renaissance art and Western humanism. It remains the largest masonry vault in the world. Brunelleschi’s innovative design eliminated the need for wooden reinforcements, which would have been unable to support such a massive structure. -
1498
Pietá by Michelangelo Bounarroti
This sculpture is made capturing the moment when Jesus is given to her mother Mary.
The sculpture captures Jesus on his mother´s arms after being taken down from the cross where he was killed.
Art historians believe Michelangelo was inspired by a passage in Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy: "O virgin mother, daughter of your Son [...] your merit so ennobled human nature that its divine Creator did not hesitate to become its creature".
This sculpture was done on renaissance art times. -
1509
The school of Athens by Raphael Sanzio
This painting was made by the italian Raphael Sanzio asked by the Pope Julius II to decorate the rooms now called the Stanze di Raffaello in the Apostolic Palace in Vatican City.
This fresco includes Plato and Aristotle featured in the center, also, through subtle details or allusions, you can find Socrates, Pythagoras, Archimedes, which are famous philosophers, mathematicians, and scientists
The painting uses accurate perspective projection, a defining characteristic of Renaissance art. -
Period: 1520 to 1521
Revolt of the Comuneros
Under Charles I, political and monetary grievances spread to Castilian cities such as Toledo and Valladolid, where a revolt broke out. His partiality for Flemish nobility caused resentment as well. Castilians, afraid of losing power, bore the brunt on their shoulders in taxes. Their rebellion, was suppressed. Most places remained loyal to the king with the exception of Toledo, which held out until 1522, but even there nobility was dominant in the south. -
Period: 1568 to 1571
The rebellion of the Alpujarras
The Alpujarras War (1568–1571) was an uprising of Moriscos against the Castilla Crown in Granada. It was caused by forced conversions and cultural repression after the conquest of Muslim Granada in 1492, and it was put under the leadership of Aben Humeya. Violence against Christian clergy and symbols occurred during the revolt. Once subdued many Moriscos were expelled and dispersed throughout Castilla, with Catholic colonists introduced to these demesnes in order to repopulate the region. -
Period: 1568 to
The Eighty Years´ War
The Eighty Years' War, also known as the Dutch War of Independence, was a revolt of Northern, Protestant-dominated, Dutch provinces against their Habsburg ruler. The Dutch revolted against the Spanish under William the Silent and declared independence as a republic in 1588. Although interrupted by the Twelve Years' Truce (1609–1621), fighting continued until 1648, when the Peace of Münster ended the war with Spain recognizing the independence of Dutch Republic. -
The defeat of the Spanish Armada by England
The Spanish Armada (believed to be one of the best) was sent by Felipe II to try to invade England alongside an army from Flanders. England's defense against the Spanish fleet marked the first naval battles fought solely with heavy guns. On August 7–8 (July 28–29), the English launched eight fire ships into the Spanish fleet, leaving the spainsh ships complitely broken. This saved Netherlands and England to join the Spanish empire because they would´ve gone for the Netherlands after England. -
Apollo and Daphne by Bernini
An sculpture made by the italian Gian Lorenzo Bernini during the Baroque age, in fact it is referred to as one of the greatest pieces of this age.
You can find the sculpture in the Galleria Borghese in Roma.
The sculpture shows the climax of the history of Apollo and Daphne in which Daphne scapes Apollo´s advances by transforming into a laurel tree -
Saint Peter's square project by Bernini
Is a large plaza designed by Bernini just in front of the St Peter´s basilica in the Vatican City named after the apostle which for some catholic people is considered the first pope.
In the centre you can find a big obelisk which was originally from Egypt which was erected there in 1586, a lot before Bernini was even born. -
The Spinners by Velazquez
One if not the most famous paint of Diego Velazquez, also known as The Fable of Aracne, who was a goddess from Athens.
The myth of Athena and Arachne, immortalized by Ovid, tells of Arachne’s challenge against Athena in weaving. Velázquez’s painting "The Spinners" reflects this myth, blending everyday scenes with mythological imagery through a vivid, multi-layered composition, referencing his admiration for Titian and using trompe-l’oeil effects to engage viewers with contrasting scenes. -
Period: to
Baroque Art
Is a western style of painting, architecture, dance, music sculpture and others. It was encouraged by the Catholic church as a response to the Protestant architecture, art, and music.The Baroque style used contrast, movement, exuberant detail, deep color, grandeur, and surprise to achieve a sense of awe.
It began at the start of the 17th century and spread quickly through all of Europe. In the decorative arts, Baroque style is marked by intricate and abundant ornamentation. -
Period: to
Neoclassical Art
It is a major art movement from the 1760s to the 1850s, emphasized clarity, simplicity, and balance, drawing inspiration from Greek and Roman history and aesthetics. This style, distinct from broader classicism, focused on classical subjects depicted in historically accurate settings. Neoclassical artists prioritized drawing over painting, favoring profile views, geometric compositions, and meticulous detail to convey ideals of moderation, globalism, and idealism. -
Oath of the Horatii by Jacques-Louis David
Painted by the frenchman Jacques-Louis David and it is now displayed in the Louvre. It shows a scene from a roman legend about the dispute between Roma and Alba Longa and stresses ythe importance of patriotism and masculine self sacrifice for their country. To avoid war, Rome and Alba Longa select three champions each. Rome's Horatii brothers fight Alba’s Curiatii brothers. Only one Horatii survives and defeats the Curiatii by isolating them. The survivor, Publius, kills his sister Camilla. -
Carlos IV of Spain and his family by Francisco de Goya
Painted by the spanish painter Francisco de Goya, asked to it by the monarch Carlos IV.
In the painting we can obviously see Carlos IV, his wife Maria Luisa of Parma surrounded by their kids, and, in general, their loved ones.
They´re dressed with contemporary fashionable clothes and adorned with some jewellery from that times.
It has a kind of tribute to "Las Meninas" from Diego Velazquez because you can see Goya in the left hand side just as in Velazquez´s painting.