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The Exodusters
Between 1865 and 1880, 40,000 black people known as the Exodusters moved to Kansas. Several hundred were persuaded to migrate by Bennjamin "Pap" singleton, a charismatic ex-slave and cabinetmaker from Tennessee -
Liberian Exodus
The Liberian exodus was a mass emigration of African-American people from South Carolina to Liberia in 1878. Interest in emigration had been growing among African-Americans throughout the South since the political campaign of 1876 and the overthrow of the Radical Republican government. -
Liberian Exodus
On April 21, the Azor set sail with 206 emigrants. The management committed several serious blunders which resulted in the deaths of 23 of the emigrants before they reached Africa. The water supply gave out shortly before arrival. Intended to last the emigrants six months after they started their new lives in Liberia, the food supply was of poor quality and was consumed entirely on the journey. Contrary to law, no physician was on board. -
Liberian Exodus
The Azor stopped at Sierra Leone for supplies on May 19, and arrived at Monrovia on June 3, a journey totaling 42 days. Enthusiasm for the Liberian exodus had been fed partly by exaggerated reports of the land's fertility, including claims that potatoes grew so large that a single one could feed a family for a day, and that certain trees produced bacon. Upon arrival, the passengers discovered that these claims were not true. -
The Exodusters
In 1879 Frederick Douglass insisted that more opportunities existed for black people in the south than elsewhere. Robert smalls urged black people to come to his county of Beaufort, South Carolina, "where I hardly think it probable that any prisoner will ever be takem from jail by a mob and lynched." -
Inter-South Migration
Many black people left poverty and isolation of farms and moved to nearby villages and towns in the south. Others went to larger southern cities including Atlanta, Richmond, and Nashville, where they settled in growing black neighborhoods. -
Inter-South Migration
Urban areas offered more economic opportunities than rural areas. Black people were usually confined to menial labor city work but were paid cash on a fairly regular basis. Rural residents received no money until their crops were sold. -
Inter-South Migration
Towns and cities also afforded more entertainment and religious and educational activities.Black youngster in towns spent more time in school than rural children, who had to help work the farms. -
Inter-South Migration
Black woman had a better chance than black men of finding regular work in a town, although it was usually as a domestic or cleaning woman.This economic situation adversely affected the black family. before the increase in migration, husband and wife headed 90 percent of black families. -
The Exodusters
In may 1879 black delegates from fourteen states met in a convention in nashville presided over by congressman John R. Lynch of Mississippi. The convention resolved to support migration.The delegates declared that "the colored people should emigrate to those states and territories where they can enjoy all the rights which are guaranteed by the laws and constitution of the united states." -
The Exodusters
By 1890, however, Nicodemus went into a decline from which it never recovered. Three separate railroads were built across Kansas, but each avoided Nicodemus, spelling economic ruin for the community. -
The Great Migration
The Great Migration is a term used to describe the mass migration of African Americans from the southern United States to the industrial centers of the Northeast and Midwest between the 1910s and 1960s. -
The summer of 1919 Great migration
Summer of 1919 began the greatest period of interracial strife in U.S. history, including a disturbing wave of race riots. The most serious took place in Chicago in July 1919, It lasted 13 days and left 38 people dead, 537 injured and 1,000 black families without homes. -
The Great Migration
The first large movement of blacks occurred during World War I, when 454,000 black southerners moved north. -
The Great Migration ended
The great migration ended in 1970, nine out of every 10 black Americans lived in the South, and three out of every four lived on farms after the great migration ended
