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Trail of Tears
Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, which forcibly removed thousands of American Indians from their homelands in the southeastern United States. -
Civil War
emancipation of four million enslaved African Americans. It also brought vast changes to the nation's financial system, fundamentally altered the relationship between the states and the federal government, -
Dawes Act
authorized the President to break up reservation land, which was held in common by the members of a tribe, into small allotments to be parceled out to individuals. -
reconstruction Treaties
contained amnesty for all crimes committed against the United States prior to the treaties and included specific provisions of peace and friendship toward the United States -
Oklahoma Land Rush
Men and women rushed to claim homesteads or to purchase lots in one of the many new towns that sprang into existence overnight. An estimated eleven thousand agricultural homesteads were claimed -
Indian Reorganaztion Act
granted a new degree of autonomy to Native Americans in the United States, giving them greater control over their lands and allowing them to form legally recognized tribal governments