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pictographs started to be used for record of its trades using pictures to keep track of things.
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the Sumerians came up with signs which is what they used as an writing system.
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They had legendary rulers like Gilgamesh, they held control of the land and the safety of people.
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Sumerian cities united by King Sargon of Agade (Akkad) he was the first ruler of the Semitic-speaking Akkadian Empire.
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Akkadian becomes the main spoken and written language, the native language in Mesopotamian nations such as Assyria and Babylonia.
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Hammurabi unites much of Mesopotamia. He conquered all of Mesopotamia and established the first Babylonian Empire. Hammurabi also established a set of laws that is today called the Code of Hammurabi.