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Fort Sumter
The surrender of Fort Sumter in, Charleston, South Carolina, Started the CIvil War. When Lincoln called for 75,000 more volenteers 4 more states daclaired secession. After the battle there was more support from both the North and the South. -
Period: to
Civil war
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First Bull Run
Fought near the city of Manassas in Prince WIlliam County, Virginia. This was the first major land battle of the Civil War. The Union Retreated when the Confederates made a strong attack on them. -
Hampton Roads
The battle of Hampton Roads between the first american ironclad warships, the USS Monitor and the CSS Virginia took place off Sewell's Point. the battle was inconclusive. Later in 1862 the Union took control of the Hampton Roads. -
Shiloh
April 6, 1862 Confederate Generals went after Grant, but even with the surprise attack it was a Union victory. Grant went onto attack major Confederate forts such as Doneleson and Henry. General Johnston of the Confederates strongly reacted and attacked Grant. Johnston was soon wounded and the battle ended the following day on April 7. Overall it was a Confederate loss, but both sides were immobilized for a few weeks due to the number of casualties. -
Peninsula Campaign
George B. McCellan replaced Winfield Scott as general chief of all Union armies on November 1861. But Lincoln grew frustrated with his extreme caution. Approving McCellan’s plans to boat down the Chesapeake, Lincoln then made him only in command of the Potomac army, Johnston then withdrew his army.With McCellan still reluctant to attack, his right flank was attacked on July 26, leading him to retreat, even with more troops. Which then caused multiple fears for a possible attacks on Washington. -
Second Bull Run
Henry Halleck became chief of Union armies in July 1862. Henry and Lincoln the recalled the army of Poyomac to unite with the army of Virginia to make a combined force against Richmond. On Augus 29 Fitz John Porter lead his troops forward against the South.The North was surprised with the news of the battles outcome; having a Confederate win and a Union loss. Ending with Lincoln putting McCellan back in command. -
Antietam
The battle was fought near Sharpsburg, Maryland. This was the first major battle in the Civil War fought on Union soil. It was the bloodiest single day battle in American History. It had 22,717 missing, dead or injured on both sides. The battle was inconclusive. -
Fredericksburg
The Battle of Fredericksburg was fought around Fredericksburg, Virginia. The battle was between Robert E. Lee's confederate army and the Union army of Potomac. The Battle was a confederate victory. With 18,000 casualties total. -
Chancellorsville
This battle was a major battle in the Civil War. It was fought in Spotsylvania County, Virginia. 2 related were fought nearby on May 3. This battle was known as "Lee's Perfect Battle". The Confederates won this battle. -
Vicksburg
Vicksburg became the main defense unit for the Mississippi River; the Union went after it since it could potentially divide up the South. After many fails they stabilized a successful plan to get around the barriers. On May 2 the Union took Port Gibson and reached the Gulf by the next day, May 18 was the official arrival date at Vicksburg. Pemberton commander of Vicksburg surrendered July 4 a day after the Battle of Gettysburg. Both these events marked the turning point in the war for the North. -
Gettysburg
Union Leaders: George G. Meade and John F. Reynolds
Confederate Leaders: Robert E. Lee
Union Strength: 93,921
Confederate Strength: 71,699
Union Casualties: 3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured/missing
Confederate Casualties: 4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured/missing
Victory: Union
Summary: The battle had the largest number of casualties in the entire war. It lasted 3 days before General Lee retreated his troups. The war was fought on Culp's Hill. -
Chickamauga
This battle marked the end of a Union called Chickamauga Campaign. It was the most significant Union defeat in the Civil War. It was the First major Battle fought in Georgia. -
Ghettysburg Address
Former President Abraham Lincoln delivered this speech during the Civil War at the dedication of the Soldiers'National Cemetery in Ghettysburg, Pennsylvania. -
Wilderness
February 1864 Ulysses Grant was made chief of Union armies for the Civil War. Going after Richmond, the battle began on May 5 by travelling through the thick trees and undergrowth, the second day was much worse though. There was thick fog surrounding them causing difficulties to the troops, the Union had more casualties, but they didn’t retreat. Though the battle ended after two days, there were multiple confrontations for about two more weeks. As they both continued on their path of travel. -
Spotsylvania
Grant was made general chief of all Union armies in February 1864. After leaving the battle that took place in dense woodland known as Wilderness, the Union went to a small town called Spotsylvania Court House. For almost two weeks the town expierenced some of the bloodiest battles. On May 12 the Union attacked and it became known as the 'Bloody Angel.' The Union turned out inconclusive though snd was considered a loss on both sides. -
Petersburg Campaign
June 9, 1864 began a siege of Petersburg and Richmond. At the end of September General Ulysses S. Grant had crossed the railroad and captured Fort Harrison. With the Confederates railroads broken down they were weak and didn’t have any transportation. Grant then destroyed a main southern force at the Battle of Five Forks. Leaving Lee to soon have both places evacuated, and then surrender on April 9. These battles overall were the start to the end of the South. -
Mobile Bay
By 1864 Mobile Bay located in Alabama had become the most important Confederate port left in the Gulf. Protected by the ironclad Tennessee, string of mines referred to as torpedoes, and Fort Morgan. On August 5, 1864 Admiral David Farragot sailed in on his union ship Tecumseh, he then fought Tennessee for two hours. Tennessee soon surrendered, later on August 23 Fort Morgan did as well. With Mobile Bay now in the Unions control they sealed of the port preventing it from further blockage runners -
Shermans March
Sherman captured Atlanta on September 2, 1864. Atlanta was the industriaql center of the Confederact and was a railroad hub. The Confederates moved into Alabama and Tennessee after loosing Atlanta. On November 22 the Confederates lost around 650 troops compared to the Unions 62 after fighting at Oriswoldville. After fleeding, the Confederates surrendered in early 1865 and the war was over. Sherman claimed that the war did exactly what it was supposed to. -
Lincoln's Assassination
Lincoln was killed by John Willkes Booth on April 14 1865, at Fords Theatre in Washington, D.C. Lincoln went to see a play with his family, at 10:15 Booth fired into the back of Lincholn's head. Lincolns killer managed to get away. Abraham Lincoln was then pronounced dead at 7:22 the next morning. After his death the country mourned and attacks against many cities who supported Booth. Vice President Andrew Jackson took over, eventually turning into one of the worst presidents. -
Appomattox
This battle was the final battle before the Confederate army surrendered to the Union. This was also one of the last battles of the Civil War. The Confederates tried to retreat but the Union blocked their retreat. The signing of the surrender documents was in a parlor of a house owned by Wilmer Mclean.
