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The Sumerians make the first towns and cities. They use irrigation to farm large areas of land.
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The Sumerians establish powerful city-states building large ziggurats at the center of their cities as temples to their gods.
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A lot of lower Mesopotamia is inhabited by multiple Sumer city-states such as Ur, Uruk, Eridu, Kish, Lagash, and Nippur.
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The Sumerians invent the first writing. They use pictures for words and write them on clay tablets.
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The Sumerians started using wheels on their vehicles.
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The Sumerians start to evolve mathematics using a number system with the base 60.
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The famous Sumerian King Gilgamesh rules the city-state of Ur.
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The Sumerian language is replaced by the Akkadian language as the primary spoken language in Mesopotamia.
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Sargon I of the Akkadians takes over most of the Sumerian city states and creates the world's first empire, the Akkadian Empire.
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King Naram-Sin of the Akkadians expands the empire to its largest state. He will rule for 50 years.
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After the Akkadian Empire crumbles, the Sumerians once again gain power. The city of Ur is rebuilt.
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The Elamites capture Ur.
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Blessing and songs such as The Song of Miriam
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The torah -the J source, Ruth; Job; First Isaiah; some minor prophets; first version of history books of Deuteronomy.
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Second Isaiah; Jeremiah; Ezekiel; Deuteronomy is Extended; Psalms
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The rest of the Torah; Third Isaiah; later prophets; Chronicles re-writes story of David to make it sound nicer.