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Period: 753 BCE to 509 BCE
Monarchical Period (Kings)
end at rape of Lucretia by Brutus -
Period: 509 BCE to 27 BCE
Roman Republic
"SPQR" - The Senate and The Roman People; the sum up of the political existence for Rome.
Republican Ideal of a shared government
patricians: privileged legal status determined at birth
plebeians: commoners
Senator must be wealthy and own property and has served 10 years in military
2 consuls, Senate and Assembly
Senate: A political assembly whose members were mainly rich landowners -
Period: 265 BCE to 146 BCE
Punic Wars (Rome vs. Carthage)
Control of Sicily, Trade
Unintentional Roman Expansion -
221 BCE
China is Unified Under Qin Dynasty
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Period: 206 BCE to 25
Han Dynasty (West)
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114 BCE
Han Government Gains Control Over Silk Road Trade Routes Across Central Asia
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44 BCE
Assassination of Julius Caesar
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Period: 44 BCE to 31 BCE
Roman Civil War
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Period: 27 BCE to 395
Roman Empire (West)
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Period: 27 BCE to 1453
Roman Empire (East)
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Period: 27 BCE to 14
Emperor Augustus
"circus and bread"
Policies:
i. patriotism - support regime, serve in the army
ii. piety - state religion, may keep own religion, but must attend festivals
iii. family - marry & have sons, outlawed divorce, must have children -
Period: 3 BCE to 29
Jesus Christ' Life
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Period: 5 to 33
Paul
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Period: 25 to 220
Han Empire (East)
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Period: 50 to 240
Kushan Empire
ran the gandara region
arts, language
many different languages and goods exchanged
became Buddhists and spread Buddhism into central Asia and China -
105
Chinese Invention of Paper
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200
Buddhism Begins Rapid Growth in China
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Period: 235 to 284
3rd Century Roman Crisis
- Barbarian Invasion from Outside
- Rebellions From Inside (Syria, Egypt, Roman Generals that became warlords, Christian communities that rejected Roman Authority)
- Economic Trouble: Military Expenses
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Period: 272 to 337
Emperor Constantine
converted to Christianity in 312 A.D.
first Christian Emperor of Rome
legalized Christianity
assembled the Council of Nicaea to define orthodoxy due to many disagreements; Nicene Creed -
313
Emperor Constantine issues Edict of Milan
allows the practice of all religions in the Roman Empire -
Period: 319 to 605
Gupta/ "Classical Hinduism"
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Period: 320 to 480
The Gupta Centuries
-modeled after the Mauryan Empire
-exacted construction and upkeep of roads, wells and irrigation systems
-governorship: distant areas were designated governors
-gupta kings were patrons of the arts
-religion: Hindu but respected all faiths
-Buddhist monasteries flourished -
344
Beginnings of Mahayana Buddhism
"Hinayana" (lesser vehicle) - original teachings of the Buddha
"Mahayana" (greater vehicle) - Buddha is seen at least semi-divine
Mahayana Buddhism = syncretic
Syncretism: successful religions tend to incorporate (reinterpret) ideas, images and practices from other religions -
380
Emperor Theodosius makes Christianity the official religion of the Empire