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1. Causes of WWI
Causes of WWINationalism- The devotion to the interests and the cultures of one nation. This leads to competitions between nations.
Imperialism- Expanding control to other smaller nations. Empires such as the German Empire, the Ottoman empire, and Austo- Hungarian empire all ruled over smaller nations.
Militarism- The building of a nations military and using the military for diplomacy.
Alliance system- An agreement between nations. Triple alliance, Triple entente (allies). -
3. Allies and Central Powers
Forming of the Triple EntenteThe allies powers also known as the triple entente included countries like Great Britain, France, and Russia which were the main powers on the allied side of the war. They were joined by countries like the US, Serbia, Japan, Greece, and many other smaller countries. The central powers were made of of the German empire, the Ottoman empire, the Austro-Hungarian empire, and Bulgaria. Italy was also a part of the central powers until it switched to the allies. -
2. Assassination of archduke Franz Ferdinand
Franz Ferdinand was the archduke of Austria, which was a part of the Austro-Hungarian empire. The Austro- Hungarian empire stretched all the way from north of Hungary to Bosnia. Franz Ferdinand was visiting Bosnia when he was assassinated by Gavrillo Princip. Gavrillo Princip was a Serbian man. Because he assassinated the Archduke, Austria accused Serbia of being behind the attack. After Serbia refused the harsh things that Austria proposed, the Austro- Hungarian empire declared war on Serbia. -
6. British Blockade
British naval/Blockade videoThe British blockade was created to prevent supplies being transported to Germany and the other central powers. The blockade obviously caused the Central powers to have a lack of supplies. It also caused over 700,000 people to starve in Germany. The blockade also hurt america's economy, because at the time america was trading with both sides of the war, so the US didn't risk trading with the central powers. -
4. Fighting Begins
WWI videoAfter the assassination of the Archduke and the Austro-Hungarian empire declared war on Serbia, the Austro-Hungarian Empire began to invade Serbia. This was the first major operation in WWI. The first battle was fought on the eastern part of Serbia, on the Serbian-Bosnian border. These early battles were the battle of Cer and the battle of Drina. Some other Early war battles were also fought between the British and the German empire over the possesion of Africa. -
5. Trench Warfare
Life in trenchesTrench warfare was the main type of warfare of WWI. The 3 feet wide and 4-6 feet deep trenches were crammed and often wet which caused trench foot and other diseases to spread quickly. Most soldiers had to sleep while sitting up. Also, some soldiers have recalled rats as big as cats that would run across your body as you slept. Gas and artillery were extremely dangerous because most of the trooops were not covered from artillery and soldiers didn't have much room to run from gas or artillery. -
12. 3 New weapons
Weapons used in WWITwo weapons that changed the fighting in WWI were the tank and gas. Gas was put into use on January 31st 1915 for the first major gas attack against the russians. Gasses like tear gas and mustard gas caused people to suffocate, go blind, and many other things. After gas was introduced, every army equiped every soldier with a gas mask. Tanks were put into use in the battle of Somme on Sept. 15 1916. Tanks changed WWI strategies and equipment and caused even more casualties in WWI. -
8. Lusitania
LusitaniaThe Lusitania entered service as a passenger ship on the 7th of September. When war broke loose in 1914, all of the american cruise ships were in danger when sailing to the atlantic. On May 1st 1915, the lusitania departed for the atlantic with many passengers on board. All passengers were told to be aware of the war in Europe and that they were in danger. The Lusitania was sunk by a German U-Boat on May 6th just south of the coast of Ireland. This helped to cause the US to join in WWI. -
17. Great Migration
The Great MigrationThe great migration took place throughout 1917 but mailny in April of 1917. The great migration was the movement of African americans from the south to the Northeast and west to get jobs produced by WWI. African americans joined the military and also got jobs in factories along with other war jobs. The African americans were looking for higher wages and for an escape from the southern farming jobs. -
7. Election of 1916
Election of 1916In the US presidential election of 1916, Woodrow Wilson, the democratic candidate, barely won the election against Charles Evans Hughes. Wilson most likely won the debate because of his popularity as a governer of New Jersey. He was also wanted to keep america neutral in WWI, which also caused more people to favor Wilson over Hughes. -
9. Zimmerman Note
The Zimmerman NoteThe Zimmerman note was a German telegram sent by Arthur Zimmerman to the German Ambassador in Washington D.C. The ambassador then sent the note to the Mexican Government. The note was proposing Mexico to Declare War on the US after Germany began its unrestricted submarine warfare. The telegram promised Mexico all of its old land back from the US, which included from Texas to California. The British intercepted and decoded the Telegram and notified the US; although Mexico declined the proposal. -
10. America Joins the Fight
America joins WWIOn April 6th 1917, the US declared war on the central powers after seven US merchant ships were sunk in the atlantic. One thing that caused the US to go into war was the sinking of the passenger ship the Lusitania. Another reason the US joined the war is because of the Zimmerman note, which proposed that Mexico should declare war on the US. Another reason the US went to war is because Germany declared unrestricted submarine warfare. -
14. CPI
The Committee on public Information or CPI is a Committee in and agency run by the US government whose goal was to get the public to support the US participation in WWI. George Creel was the chaiman when President Woodrow Wilson created the Committee. The committee used posters that would say "defeat this mad brute(Germany), enlist" or "I want you, for the US army". Others would get women and children to support the war by becoming nurses or working at factories or farms. -
11. Selective Service act
The selective service actWhen the US became a part of WWI, the army and navy needed more troops in Europe. The selective service act made all able-bodied males from the ages of 21 to 30 to register for military service. Later in 1918, all men from 18 to 45 could volenteer for the draft. At the end of the war over 2.8 million men were drafted into the armed forces. -
18. Womens Roles
Women on the home front videoWhen the US became a part of WWI, women were called upon to help out the war effort. When the selective service act was issued and the men went to war, women began to work in munition, textile, and vehicle factories. Some Women even became nurses for the Army and Navy. -
16. Espionage and sedition acts
The espionage and sedition actsThe Espionage act was passed on June 15 1917. Espionage is hte act of spying against a government or group of people. The purpose of the Espionage act was to prevent any normal citizen from getting involved or interfering in military affairs. The Sedition act was passed in May 16 1918 in order to extend the Espionage act of 1917. Sedition the act of speaking to people to get them to rebel. The sedition act did not allow profane, disloyal or any other bad language about the government. -
15. WIB
The WIBThe WIB or World Industry Board in WWI was in control of the buying of war supplies. The leader of the WIB was Frank A. Scott. The WIB greatly increased the production of war supplies in the US. -
20. 14pts
The 14 pointsThe fourteen points were written by President Woodrow Wilson and were mainly made to present a method for rebuilding Europe after WWI. One point said in the 14 points for peace was the establishment of trade between all of the nations. Another point brought up in the 14 points was the rebuilding of the balkans as well as eastern war-torn Europe. The largest point was the formation of the league of nations, which would control all of the alliances along with many other things with all nations. -
13. Armistice
An Armistice or agreement ended the fighting between the allies and Germany. The armistice caused Germany to withdraw all of its forces outside of its own borders. It also made Germany give up many of its weapons and supplies. November 11 was then also known as armistice day because of this event. Later it was changed to veterans day. It was then Followed by the treaty of versailles to make the final proposals. -
22. Big 4
The big four were the four main allies involved in the ending of WWI. The big four consisted of Italy, France, Britain and the US. The leader of the US was President Woodrow Wilson, the leader of Italy was Prime minister Vittorio Orlando, and the leader of Britain was Prime minister David Lloyd Geroge, and the leader of France was Prime minister Georges Benjamin Clemenceau. -
19. Schenck vs. US
Schenck vs US debateOne of the most famous cases in WWI because of the Espionage and Sedition acts was Schenck vs. the US. Charles Schenck was accused of Mailing thousand of pamphlets to men that have been drafted into WWI. The pamphlets were saying that the US invaded peoples rights by drafiting men into the army. Schenck thought that this violated the first ammendment, but the court overruled it and found Schenck guilty anyway. -
21. The league of nations
League of NationsThe league of nations was brought forth in Woodrow Wilson's 14 points. The league of nations was constructed to mainly maintain world peace along with controling alliances, trade, and equality. -
24. Map
Before WWI, Europe was divided into large, ancient countries or empires. After the war the empires were divided into smaller countries such as Romania, Czec, Austria, Hungary, and Yugoslavia. Most of the countires in the central powers became smaller. -
25. Final statistics
The final death toll for the Central Powers was over 4 million and the allies lost more that 6 million. The combined losses were around 35 million with civilian and military casualties combined. Countries like Germany, England, and other countries were thrown into debt because of all of the expenses from WWI. Most countries spent billions of dollars on all war supplies. -
23. Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of VersaillesThe treaty of Versailles is a treaty signed by all of the main countries in WWI and it ended all conflict between the allies and the Central powers. The treaty of Versailles had some problems. The US did not sign the treaty of Versailles because it limited the amount of things that the congress could control. The treaty of versailles also gave land in china to japan insteas of to china. The Treaty cut the German military and also distrubuted territory. The treaty also blamed Germany for the war
