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Jan 1, 1066
William the Conqueror invades England.
Claiming his right to the English throne, William, duke of Normandy, invades England at Pevensey on Britain's southeast coast. -
Jan 1, 1150
Paper is first mass-produced in Spain.
Both Spain and Italy claim to be the first to manufacture paper in Europe. Muslim conquest of Spain brought paper making to Europe. -
Jan 1, 1215
Magna Carta
The later versions excluded the most direct challenges to the monarch's authority that had been present in the 1215 charter. -
Jan 1, 1270
End of Crusades.
The Crusades were military or quasi-military expeditions launched by Christian secular and religious rulers against Moslems in the Middle East from 1096 to 1291. -
Jan 1, 1348
The Plage
The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. -
Jan 1, 1378
First appearance of Robin Hood in Literature.
Traditionally, Robin Hood and his men are depicted wearing Lincoln green clothes.The origin of the legend is claimed by some to have stemmed from actual outlaws, or from ballads or tales of outlaws. -
Jan 1, 1387
Chaucer writes The Canterbury Tales.
Is a collection of stories written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer at the end of the 14th century. -
Jan 1, 1445
War of Roses
The Wars of the Roses were a series of dynastic wars fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the houses of Lancaster and York (whose heraldic symbols were the "red" and the "white" rose, respectively) for the throne of England. -
Jan 1, 1485
First printing of Le Morte d'Arthur.
Is a compilation by Sir Thomas Malory of Romance tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, and the Knights of the Round Table. -
Jan 1, 1485
First tudor king,Henry VII is crowned.
The first Tudor King of England, establishing the Tudor Dynasty. His victory at the Battle of Bosworth Field overthrew Richard III and effectively put an end to the Wars of the Roses.