-
680
Canto Gregoriano
El gregoriano era el canto litúrgico de la iglesia de Roma, influido por el galicano en la segunda mitad del siglo VIII, cuya extensión a todo el Occidente tuvo lugar a la vez que la del rito latino mismo, del cual era la expresión acústica. -
992
Guido d'Arezzo
Guido of Arezzo (Italian: Guido d'Arezzo;[n 1] c. 991–992 – after 1033) was an Italian music theorist and pedagogue of High medieval music. A Benedictine monk, he is regarded as the inventor—or by some, developer—of the modern staff notation that had a massive influence on the development of Western musical notation and practice. -
1098
Hildegard von Bingen
Hildegard of Bingen (German: Hildegard von Bingen; Bermersheim vor der Höhe, Holy Roman Empire, summer 1098-Rupertsberg Monastery, 17 September 1179) was a German holy Benedictine abbess and polymath, active as a composer, writer, philosopher, scientist, naturalist, doctor, mystic, monastic leader and prophetess during the Middle Ages.1 -
1137
Bernart de Ventardon
Bernart de Ventadorn (circa 1130-1145 – 1190-1200), also known as Bernart de Ventadour, was a popular Provençal troubadour, composer and poet. According to the troubadour Uc de Santo Circ (1217?-1253?), Bernart was possibly the son of a baker at the castle of Ventadour (Ventadorn) in Corrèze, in French Limousin. -
1149
Leonin
Leonín or Magister Leoninus, in French Léonin (1135-1201), is, along with Perotín, the first known composer of polyphonic organum. An anonymous English monk wrote a century after his death that Léonin was the best organ composer for the expansion of divine service. -
1155
Perotin
Pérotin compuso organa, el primer tipo de música polifónica; la música europea anterior, como la gregoriana y otros tipos de canto, había sido monofónica. Antes de Perotin, organum generalmente consistía en dos voces: organum duplum. -
1200
Ars Antigua
The ars antiqua is a consequence of the musical development that occurred between the 9th and 12th centuries, when the first polyphonic forms appear: The organum, which consisted of adding to a Gregorian melody, called cantus firmus, a second voice at the distance of an interval of fourth or fifth, called voice organalis. -
1284
Alonso X el Sabio
- King of Castile and León. Alfonso X, known as the Wise, was the son of the Castilian-Leonese monarch Ferdinand III and his wife, the German princess Beatrice of Swabia. Alfonso X was King of Castile and León between 1252, the year of his father's death, and 1284, the year of his death.
-
1300
Guillaume de Machaut
Guillaume de Machaut (ca. 1300-1377), French composer and poet, was the most prolific author of the 14th century, both in music and poetry. His musical compositions include all the usual forms of his time and a mixture of conservative and progressive elements. -
1322
Ars Nova
Ars Nova (“new art,” in Latin) is the title of a treatise (ca. 1322) that conveys the teachings of Philippe de Vitry but which has become generic to describe a period of musical composition (and the music written during that period). period), which begins ca. 1315 and ends ca. 1375 -
1325
Francesco Landini
He composed a caccia, nine madrigals and 140 ballate. The ballata, the genre to be studied in this theme, exists in the first half of the century as a monodic piece in a very old form that appears in various medieval repertoires such as in the music of Machaut: AbbaA. -
1401
Johannes Gutenberg
After years of secret research and testing, Johannes Gutenberg came up with the invention of the printing press around 1450, a system that would transform the dissemination of knowledge in Europe. -
Jul 12, 1468
Juan del Encina
Along with Juan de Anchieta from Guipuzcoa, he is considered one of the greatest exponents of religious and secular polyphony in Spain in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. He reached great lyrical heights in his glosas and villancicos, which are attributed to his invention. -
Feb 3, 1525
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
Palestrina is seen as the most representative author of polyphonic works adjusted to the new demands of the Counter-Reformation. His works of those years are notable for the clarity achieved, leaving the melody in the hands of the upper voice and precisely adjusting the rhythm of the discourse. -
1532
Orlndo di Lasso
He was one of the most prolific, versatile and universal composers of the late Renaissance. He wrote more than 2233 compositions, including vocal music with lyrics in Latin, French, Italian and German, in every genre known at the time. -
1533
Andrea Gabrieli
Andrea Gabrieli (ca. 1533 - 30 August 1585) was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. An uncle of perhaps the most famous composer Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers. He had a great influence on the spread of the Venetian style in both Italy and Germany. -
1544
Maddalena Casulana
His output focused on madrigals, one of the most popular forms of the time. They consisted of compositions of vocal music with between three and six voices and secular text. They were almost always performed a cappella, although they could incorporate instruments to double the vocal parts. -
Nov 10, 1545
Martin Lutero
Martin Luther published his criticisms of the Catholic Church on 31 October 1517. Five hundred years ago the Protestant movement began that changed Christianity forever. On 31 October 1517 Martin Luther published his critique of the Catholic Church and its centre of power in Rome that launched the Reformation. -
1557
Giovanni Gabrieli
Giovanni Gabrieli composed his Canzon septimi toni for the majestic St. Mark's Cathedral in Venice, where he was organist and principal composer from 1585 until his death. -
Mar 26, 1566
Antonio de Cabezón
Antonio de Cabezón (Castrillo Mota de Judíos, Burgos, 1510-Madrid, 26 March 1566) was a Spanish organist, harpist and composer of the Renaissance. The works of music for keyboard, harp and vihuela by Antonio de Cabezón, published in Madrid in 1578, by his son Hernando de Cabezón. -
Mar 30, 1566
Carlo Gesualdo
The most famous event in his life was the murder of his first wife and her lover when they were found "in flagrante delicto". Forgotten over time, he was rediscovered in the 20th century due to the fascination with his extraordinary music and shocking personal events. -
1567
Claudio Monteverdi
Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643) is considered the father of modern music, the father of opera and even "the Shakespeare of music", according to Martínez Palomo, "since he united music with human passions: his music continues to move us four centuries after it was written". -
Giacomo Carissimi
He was born in Marino, near Rome, in 1604 or 1605. His early years and studies are uncertain, but at the age of 20 he became a chapel master in Assisi, a post he held for several years. In 1628 he took up the same post in the church of San Apollinaris, which belonged to the Germanicum college in Rome, a job he held until the year of his death. -
Tomás de Luis de Victoria
In 1585 Victoria's most ambitious and masterful creation was published: the "Officium hebdomadae Santae", a collection including 18 Responsories, 9 Lamentations, two Passion Choruses, a Miserere, Improperia, Motets, Hymns and Psalms for the celebration of the whole of Holy Week. -
Barbara Strozzi
Barbara Strozzi, also called Barbara Valle, (Venice, 6 August 1619 - Padua, 11 November 1677) was an Italian Baroque singer and composer.12 During her lifetime, she published eight volumes of her own music and had more secular music in print than any other composer of the time.3 This was achieved without any support from the Catholic Church and without the constant patronage of the nobility. -
Henry Purcell
Considered one of the greatest English composers of all time,2 he incorporated French and Italian stylistic elements into his music, creating an English style of baroque music. -
Stradivarius
A Stradivari violin is one of the stringed instruments made by members of the Italian Stradivari family, particularly by Antonio Stradivari. Stradivarius instruments are highly valued by the world's leading players and antique collectors. -
Antonio Vivaldi
Vivaldi composed more than 700 works for various instruments, including more than 400 violin concertos and 46 operas. Among these concertos, The Four Seasons is undoubtedly among the most famous. The composer gained the respect of his peers and knew the success of his works. -
Georg Philipp Telemann
Telemann cultivated almost all genres of music, from opera to concertos to oratorios, and introduced important and groundbreaking innovations in the music of the time. Telemann increasingly separated himself from the Baroque and contributed to the formation of a new, autonomous art. -
Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) is arguably the most revered figure in the entire history of Western classical music, being called "The Father of Music" on several occasions, and often being mentioned by other composers, such as Frédéric Chopin and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. -
Georg Friedrich Händel
Among his compositions, Handel wrote operas, stage music, oratorios, serenades, odes and a large number of cantatas. One of his most emblematic works is the hymn he composed for the coronation of the English King George II. Since then, it has been sung at every British coronation, including that of Elizabeth II.