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9700 BCE
Ice Age
It is the last glacial period that has occurred in the geological history of the Earth. It began about 110,000 years ago and ended around 9700 BC. C., giving way to the Holocene, the period of current temperate climate. -
Period: 4600 BCE to 540 BCE
Precambrian
Geological events:
The first ocean is formed 4.2 billion years ago.
Early origin and evolution of the earth.
The supercontinent Rodinia is created.
Climate events:
4.2 billion years ago, oxygen is created
Ice age 2350 million years
Guide Fossil: Stromatolites -
2900 BCE
First forms of life
All species of cyanobacteria living today can be traced back to a common ancestor that evolved about 2.9 billion years ago. Cyanobacteria are microscopic organisms, bacteria that contain chlorophyll, which allows them to carry out photosynthesis. For this reason, they have historically been identified as green/blue algae. They are present in fresh, salty, brackish waters and mixed areas of estuaries. -
2200 BCE
Oxygen is created
Oxygen is a chemical element with atomic number 8, which means that each Oxygen atom has 8 protons in its atomic nucleus. It is represented with the symbol O and is found in group 16 and period 2 of the periodic table, so it belongs to the group of non-metals. -
540 BCE
Trilobites
Trilobites are a class of extinct arthropods, within the subphylum Trilobitomorpha. They are the most characteristic fossils of the Paleozoic. About 22,000 species have been described. -
Period: 520 BCE to 260 BCE
Paleozoic
Geological events:
Formation of the supercontinent Pangea.
Orogeny and volcanism.
Climate events:
Glaciation.
Increases CO2 in the atmosphere (Global warming)
Guide Fossil: Trilobites -
335 BCE
Formation of the supercontinent Pangea
It is estimated that Pangea formed at the end of the Carboniferous period when the previously separate continents joined together to form a single supercontinent surrounded by a single sea, Panthalassa. -
315 BCE
Homo sapiens appear
Homo sapiens, commonly called a human being, person or man, is a species of the order of primates belonging to the hominid family. Homo sapiens are indisputably considered those that possess the anatomical characteristics of current human populations. The oldest remains attributed to Homo sapiens, dated to 315,000 years ago, were found in Morocco. -
Period: 250 BCE to 65 BCE
Mesozoic:
Geological events:
Breakup of the supercontinent Pangea.
Opening of the Atlantic.
Continental collapse occurs.
Alpine orogenea (Himalayas, Andes, Alps, Pyrenees)
Climate events:
Large amounts of CO2 (Global Warming) -
220 BCE
Triassic
The Triassic is a division of the geological time scale that belongs to the Mesozoic Era; Within this, the Triassic occupies first place, preceding the Jurassic. It began 251 million years ago and ended 201 million years ago. -
145 BCE
Jurassic
The Jurassic is a division of the geological time scale that belongs to the Mesozoic Era; Within this, the Jurassic occupies second place, following the Triassic and preceding the Cretaceous. It began 201 million years ago and ended 145 million years ago. -
67 BCE
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous, or Cretaceous, is a division of the geological time scale that belongs to the Mesozoic Era; Within this, the Cretaceous occupies the third and last place following the Jurassic. It began 145 million years ago and ended 66 million years ago. Lasting about 79 million years, it is the longest Phanerozoic period. -
66 BCE
Extinction of the dinosaurs
The Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction was a sudden mass extinction of three-quarters of the plant and animal species on Earth, approximately 66 million years ago. -
Period: 66 BCE to 1 CE
Cenozoic
The Cenozoic era or Cenozoic, a division of the geological time scale, is the geological era that began about 66 million years ago and extends to the present day. During the Cenozoic era, India collided with Asia 55-45 million years ago, and Arabia collided with Eurasia, closing the Tethys Sea, about 35 million years ago.