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Jamestown
1st permanent English settlement in North America. -
House of Burgesses
First legislative assembly of elected representatives in North America -
Start of Slavery
Slavery began when the first African slaves were brought to the colony Jamestown. -
Mayflower Compact
Document where they agreed to obey laws created for the general good -
French and Indian War
The English and French both wanted th land west of the Appalachians. England won -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris is where England got the land west of the Appalachians and Canada -
Proclamation of 1763
It prohibited colonists from settling west. England places troops in colonies to protect colonist, but it is said that the troops controlled the colonists. -
Stamp Act
The Stamp Act put taxes on legal documents such as newpapers or any other public or legal documents. -
Boston Massacre
A mob of anti- British demonstraters formed to compete over jobs. British troops fired and killed 5 colonists. -
Boston Tea Party
England put restrictions on tea and the colonists boarded tea ships and threw the tea into the water. -
1st Continental Congress
A meeting held in Philadelphia where representatives from the 13 colonies colonies met except for Georgia. They issued a statement of colonial rights and urged colonies to form militias. -
Lexington and Concord
Minutemen assembled here and fighting erupted in Massachusets. British troops attacked a weapons stockpile. -
2nd Continental Congress
This created the Continental Army and issued the "Olive Branch Petition" which was the final peace offer. Gearge Washington was general. -
Declaration of Independence
It was issued by the Continental Congress. Thomas Jefferson wrote it, he was from Virginia. This is where the colonies officially seperated from England -
Articles of Confederation
Where the 13 newly indepedent states united to one country which is called the United States of America. The American polotical leaders adopted a weak national government. They feared a strong central government like England had. -
Yorktown
Americans and French surrounded General Cornwallis and his troops. The French Navy blocked the exit of the Chesapeake Bay and Cornwallis surrendered. -
Critical Period
A time period from 1781-1788 in which the United States was under the Articles of Confederation. There was huge war debt, inflation, disputes among states, and more. -
The Treaty of Paris
Where England acknowledged America Independence, The US's boundaries were the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River. -
Land Ordinance of 1785
A success during the Critical Period which established a plan for surveying the western lands. -
Annapolis Convention
The Annapolis Convention called to settle disputes among the states over commerce but only five states showed up. They decided to have another meeting in Philidelphia. -
Constitutional Convention
George Washington presided over the convention but barely took part in the debates. James Madison led the debates and was known as the "Father of the Constitution". The convention was from May to September 1787 and held in Philadelphia. -
The Great Compromise
This created a two-house congress; Senate and the House of Representatives. It balanced the power between the large and small states. -
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Also a success of the Critical Period and it provided the process for the creation and admission of new states. -
Shay's Rebellion
Debt-ridden farmers in Massachusetts rebel because of high taxes. -
3/5ths Compromise
Slaves were now counted as 3/5ths of a person when determining a state's representation in the House of Representatives. It placated the southern states. -
Washington's Presidency
Washington was the first president of the United States from 1789-1797. He set up the government with three executive departments were created in the government. Washinton stayed neutral in wars. -
Judiciary Act of 1789
This set up the court system -
Bill of Rights Signed
The Bill of Rights is the first 10 amendments written by James Madison. This deals with rights and liberties. -
Adam's Presidency
John Adam's defeated Thomas Jefferson. John Adam's was a Federalist and Thomas Jefferson was a Democratic-Republican. -
Gabe Prosser Revolt
He was from Richmond, VA -
Jefferson's Presidency
Democratic-Republican, Thomas Jefferson, defeated Federalist, John Adams in the election of 1800. This was the first peaceful transfer of power from one party to another. -
Marbury vs. Madison
This is where Marshall declared a law unconstitutional and it established the power of judicial review. -
Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson bought the land from the French and it doubled the size of the United States. It was the land from the Missisippi River to the Rocky Mountains. Lewis and Clark traveled and explored this territory. -
War of 1812
A few of the causes for the War of 1812 were the British interference with American shipping and the British aid to the Indians in the west. So President Madison calls for was and was supported by the Southern and Western Democratic-Republicans. The United States won.. kind of. -
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Where the Marshall upheld the federal government's right to establish a bank. It said that a state couldn't tax the bank because of national supremacy and it established the doctrine of implied powers. It also showed the Court could go between states and the federal government. -
Missouri Compromise
This divided the Louisiana Purchase at 36, 30. North of the line was free and South of the line was slave. Missouri was a slave state and Maine was free. -
Missouri Compromise
This divided the Lousiana Purchase. North of the line was free and south of the line was slave. Maine was a free state and Missouri was a slave state. It maintained the balance of free and slave states in America. -
Period: to
Age of the Common Man
The time when democracy in the United States had expanded and more people got involved in the electoral process. Also Americans had no longer let aristocrats make all decisions. -
Gibbons vs. Ogden
The Court overturned a steamboat monopoly and it confirmed the federal government's power over commerce. -
Cotton Gin
This was invented by Eli Whitney and it made cotton growing very profitable. The deep south became the "Cotton Kingdom". It also increased and expanded slave use westward. -
Monroe Doctrine
This was made by President Monroe and it warned Europe against future colonization in the Americas. Also any interference in any independent country in the Western Hemisphere. It said the west was different from Europe. -
Jackson's Presidency
He personified the democratic spirit of age. Jackson also challenged the economic elite and he used the Spoils System a lot. -
Jackson's Presidency
Appealed to the common man voters not wealthy. He made the Spoils System also which is rewarding campaign supporters by giving them public offices(jobs). -
Indian Removal Act of 1830
This forced all Indians east of the Mississippi River to move to Indian Territory. It was passed by Jackson's request. -
Indian Removal Act of 1830
This forced all Indians east of the Mississippi River to move to the Indian Territory. It was passed at Andrew Jacksons's request. -
Nat Turner Revolt
In Southampton, VA. Led 80 slaves against 4 plantations and were caught and hung. -
Battle of the Alamo
The Alamo is an old mission house and the Texans fortified themselves there. The Mexican general, Santa Anna, attacked with superior forces and fought until their last man died. -
Battle of the Alamo
The Alamo is an old mission house where Texans fortified themselves. The Mexican General Santa Anna attacked with superior forces and they fought until their last man died. -
Battle of San Jacinto
This battle was where the Texans won independence led by Sam Houston. This established the Republic of Texas -
Battle of San Jacinto
This is where Texas won independence and it was led by Sam Houston and it established the Republic of Texas. -
U.S. Annexes Texas
The incorporation the Republic of Texas into the United States of America. -
U.S. Annexes Texas
This was where Texas was incorperated into the United States. -
Mexican War
President James K. Polk urged this war and they wanted the Southeast but Mexico wouldn't sell. The United States defeated Mexico easily. -
Mexican War
President James K. Polk urged this war and wanted the Southeast but Mexico wouldn't sell it. -
California Gold Rush
Gold was found and everyone rushed to go get it. -
Seneca Falls Convention
1st women's rights convention, held in Seneca Falls, NY. The leader was Elizabeth Cody Stanton and they issued the Seneca Falls Declaration. -
Compromise of 1850
California entered as a free state. The Southwestern territories would decide their own -
Reservation System
Indians were forced off their lands onto smaller and smaller reservations. -
Fugitive Slave Law
This was a part of the Compromise of 1850 and it made it easier to catch runaway slaves. Many of the Northerners refused to enforce this law. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
This was a book by Harriet Beecher Stowe and it was widely read by people. It protrayed the evils of slavery and increased support in the North for abolition. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Repeated the Missouri Compromise line by giving KN and NB "popular sovereignty". This caused Bleeding Kansas which was a fight between pro and anti slavery forces in Kansas. The birth of the Republican Party. -
Dred Scott Case
Dred Scot, a slave, sued for freedom after being taken into free territory by his owner. Supreme Court ruled that African Americans aren't citizens so he had no right to sue and Congress had no right to ban slavery in the territory. The case overturned efforts to limit the spread of slavery. -
Election of 1860
The main issue inthis was slavery and Abraham Lincoln who was a republican, won. -
Battle of Fort Sumter
This was the first battle of the Civil War. Fort Sumter was in South Carolina but it stayed under Union control. Confederated fired on Union ships that we -
Homestead Act
A law that gave free public land in the West in 160 acre plots and the only conditions were that the settlers had to use it for at least 5 years and the purpose was to encourage Americans to settle in the west. -
Battle of Antietam
Lee went North and lost at Antietam, Maryland.
The main effect that happend was that Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. -
Emancipation Proclamation
This freed slaves in the "rebelling" states. Norther war aim was abolishing slavery not just restoring the union. It discouraged foreign intervention and Lincoln started to use black toops with Frederick Douglass's urging. -
Battle of Gettysburg
Lee pushed North into Pennsylvania in this three day battle then had to retreat. -
Battle of Vicksburg
This happend in Mississippi and it cut the Confederacy in half. Grant won. -
Gettysburg Address
Abraham Lincoln's speech and a dedicating cemetery.
U.S. was one nation, not sperate states.War was a struggle to preserve a nation that was based on government of, by and for thepeople. / -
Jim Crow Laws
Established seperate facilities for whites and blacks. Schools, train cars, etc.
Black facilities were inferior. -
13th Amendment
This abolished slavery. -
Reconstruction
The process of restoring Southern states to the Union. Process of determining the position of African Americans -
Appomatox Court House
Surrender of Lee -
Lincoln's Assassination
He was killed by John Wilkes Booth shortly after the war. -
Reconstruction Act of 1867
To unite the nation. Military districts. -
Election of 1867
Samuel Tilden. Rutherford B. Hayes who was a republican won. -
14th Amendment
State and federal citizenship for all people regardless of race -
15th Amendment
The right to vote could not be denied. -
Assimilation Policy
A plan under which Indians would be forced to adopt Amercian culture -
Knights of Labor
Union founded by Uriah Stevens -
Chinese Exclusion Act 1882
Restricting Immigration to the United States -
Haymarket Square
The Knights of Labor protested in Chicago and a bomb went off near the police. 8 of the strikers were convicted. -
American Federation of Labor
The founder was Samuel Gompers. This union was composed of the craft union and they used collective bargaining. -
Dawes Act
The goal was to Americanize the Indians. This broke up reservations and divided them into individual parts and legally abolished tribes. -
Progressive Movement
This was a 20th century reform movement. It used the government to institute reforms to fix problems caused by industrialization. -
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
This prevented any business structure that restrained trade and the goal was to outlaw monopolies/trusts. This wasn't successful -
Homestead Strike
At the Carnegie Steel Plant. Plant manager HEnry Frick called the Pinkerton Detective Agency and their was a major gun battle. -
American Railway Union
Founded by Eugene V. Debs.
This had Railroad workers and it was the "Industrial Union" with skilled and unskilled workers from one industry. -
Pullman Strike
this was a strike by the Pullman workers and started a nationwide railroad boycott and the federal government ended it. -
Plessy vs. Ferguson 1896
S.C. said "seperate but equal" did not violate the 14th Amendment. It upheld Jim Crow Laws of segregation. -
Spanish-American War
The Spanish American war was composed of Cubans rebelling against Spansh rule, Yellow Journalists, The de Lome Letter, and the united states' ship USS Maine that exploded outside of Cuba. -
Treaty of Paris 1898
The United States annexed Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines and Cuba became free. -
Open Door Policy
This was by the Secretary of State John Hay and it gave all nations equal trading rights in China. It called for fair competition and the goal was to end U.S and European competition. They urged foreigners to obey Chinese law. -
Boxer Rebelion
The goal was to remove foreign influence and it failed.It was by Chinese boxers. -
Immigration Restriction Act
excluding all non-european immigrants -
Platt Amendment
The United States asserted the right to intervene in Cuban affairs. -
Roosevelt Corollary
Theodore Roosevelt added to the Monroe Doctrine and reminded Europe not to interfere and said the U.S. would use force to protect its interests in Latin America. -
Susan B. Anthony
She was a strong leader of the woman's suffrage movement -
16th Amendment
Congress's right to impose a federal tax. -
Period: to
Great Migration
Many african americans moved from the rural South to the Northern cities. Seeking jobs and fleeing poverty. -
17th Amendment
Voters elect Senators now not the state legislatures. -
Federal Trade Commision Act
This created FTC and investigates business practices. -
WWI
The Allies were Britain, France, Russia and the Central Powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary, etc. Stalemate developed. -
Panama Canal
Theodore Roosevelt encouraged Panama to break from Columbia. Panama succeeded and gave the U.S. rights to build a canal. In 1914, the U.S. finished the canal and it connected from the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans. -
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
This outlaws price fixing and expands the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. This exempt unions from Sherman Act. -
U.S. enters WWI
the United States remained Neutral for three years and the public didn't support involvement and saw it as a European war. -
14 Points
By Woodrow Wilson and his goal was to eliminate the causes of the war. His key ideas were self-determination, freedom of the sea, mandate system, and the league of nations. -
18th Amendment
This banned alcohol use and many brooke that law such as, bootleggers which were alcohol smugglers and speakeasies which were secret bars. -
Treaty of Versailles
This was the punishment of Germany. Mandates and national boundaries were redrawn, the league of nation, etc. -
Harlem Renaissance
Explosion of black intellectual and cultural life -
19th Amendment
Women gain the right to vote -
19th Amendment
All women gain the right to vote -
Scopes Trial
Tennessee teacher John Scopes was tried for teaching evolution after it was banned to be taught. The trial sparked a national debate over the subject of evolution. -
Hoover
The 31st president of the United States during the Great Depression. People blamed him for it. -
Period: to
The Great Depression
A time of severe economic harship in the U.S. -
Black Tuesday
This is the day that the Stock Market crashed. -
New Deal
The New Deal was FDR's program to deal with the Depression. -
FDR
The 32nd president of the United States and beat Hoover in the second election. -
FDIC
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. It insures bank deposits and regulates banks. -
CLO
The Collateralized Loan Obligation and it pooled together a bunch of large business loans. -
Dust Bowl
A horrible drought on the Great Plains. -
Wagner Act
The Wagner Act protected workers rights to form unions and engage in collective bargaining. -
Social Security Act
This was the biggest New Deal program and it provides safeguards for workers such as disability and unemploymeny compensation and old-age pensions. -
Fair Labor Standards Act
This set maximum working hours and also minimum wages. -
Non-Aggression Pact
Stalin and Hitler agree no to attack each other -
War in Europe begins
The final cause was that Germany invaded Poland and the result was that France and Britain finally declared war on Germany to stop expansion -
Selective Service Act WWII
Drafted 10 million men in to the military -
Germany invades Russia
They turned on the Soviet union and invaded them. -
Pearl Harbor
Japan attacks Hawaii and the target was the U.S.'s naval base. The U.S's pacific fleet was crushed and this was known as the "date that will live in infamy" by FDR. Thousands die -
U.S Declares War
After Pearl Harbor, at FDR's request, war was declared. Germany joins Japan to figh\gainst the U.S. -
Miracle of Midway
The U.S. Navy beat and larger Japanese force on Midway Island and that ended the threat to Hawaii -
D-Day
U.S. invasion of the beaches in Normandy. -
Battle of the Bulge
German counteroffensive. The allies recovered -
Korematsu vs. U.S.
The Supreme Court allowed internment -
Cold War
The uneasy peace after WWII, marked by a rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, lasting from 1945-1991 -
Division of Germany
Germany was divided into East and West Germany. The eastern side became communist and remained under Soviet domination and the western side was temporarily under U.S., British and French occupation and it stayed self government and was democratic. -
V-E Day
The Allies from West and Soviet Union from East overrun Germany and Germany surrendered -
Hiroshima Atomic Bomb
Bombed Japan instead of lose countless Americans in an invasion of Japan. There were countless deaths from the atomic bomb and Japan soon surrendered -
Nagasaki Atomic Bomb
This was the second Atomic bomb that was dropped in Japan -
Nuremburg Trials
Postwar trials of Nazis for war crimes in the Holocause and there were many convictions. This emphasized individual responsibility regardless of orders and led to increased calls for a Jewish homeland. -
Berlin Airlift
The Soviets blockaided West Berlin and the U.S. flew in supplies -
Marshall Plan
The Massive U.S. financial aid package to rebuilld Europe's economies and the goal was to prevent the spread of communism. -
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization was the defensive alliance among the U.S. & Western European countries and the main goal was to prevent Soviets from invading Western Europe. -
Communist Takeover in China
The Leader was Mao Zedong and the U.S. feared communist world denomination but China and the Soviets never became close. -
The Korean War
This divided Korea ino Communist North and Democratic South Korea. North Korea invades S.K. and the Chinese forced aided N.Korea and drove the U.S. back. Gen. MacArthur wanted to nuke them but Truman said no and the war ended in stalemate. -
Eisenhower
Dwight D. Eisenhower won elections 1952 and 1956. He was involved with the making of Nuclear weapon such as the Hydrogen Bomb. Eisenhower's nuclear policy is Massive Retaliation. -
Julias and Ethel Rosenberg
They gave atomic secrets to the Soviets and they were convicted and electrocuted. -
Warsaw Pact
The Alliance among the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries -
Sputnik
The Soviets launches Sputnik into space and that begins the Space Race -
U-2 Incident
Francis Gary Powers was shot down while spying over the Soviet Union -
JFK
John F. Kennedy won the election in 1960.
"Ask not what your country will do for you but what you wil do for your country" -
Berlin Wall
A wall between East and West Germany to keep East germans from fleeing to West Germany -
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Soviets stationed nuclear missles in Cuba and JFK demanded that they removed theirs and blockaded Cuba. The world was close to a Nuclear war -
JFK Asssassination
Lee Harvey Oswald shot him in the head in Dallas, TX. This shocked America and shook their confidence and began a period of internal strife.
