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Industrialization
the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial one. -
urbanization
population shift from rural to urban areas, and the ways in which society adapts to the change. -
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Immigration
movement of people to the United States since the first European settlements in about 1600. Starting around 1600 British and other Europeans settled primarily on the East Coast. -
The american Dream
set of ideals in which freedom includes the opportunity for prosperity and success, and an upward social mobility achieved through hard work -
Political machines
political organization in which an authoritative boss or small group commands the support of a corps of supporters and businesses, who receive rewards for their efforts. -
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indian removal
Early in the 19th century, while the rapidly-growing United States expanded into the lower South, white settlers faced what they considered an obstacle. This area was home to the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chicasaw and Seminole nations. -
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nativism
the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants. -
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Susan B. Anthony
She was brought up in a Quaker family with long activist traditions. Early in her life she developed a sense of justice and moral zeal. -
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Civil Service Reform
was a major issue in the late 19th century at the national level, and in the early 20th century at the state level. Proponents denounced the distribution of office by the winners of elections to their supporters as corrupt and inefficient. -
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Andrew Carneige
Scottish American industrialist who led the enormous expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century. -
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manifest Destiny
was the widely held belief in the United States that American settlers were destined to expand throughout the continent. -
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suffrage
the right to vote in political elections -
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nativism
the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants. -
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Eugene V. Debbs
American union leader, one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World, and five times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States. -
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Clarence Darrow
American lawyer and leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union. He was best known for defending teenage thrill killers Leopold and Loeb in their trial for murdering 14-year-old Robert "Bobby" Franks. -
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Theodore Roosevelt
American politician, author, naturalist, soldier, explorer, and historian who served as the 26th President of the United States -
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referendum
a general vote by the electorate on a single political question that has been referred to them for a direct decision. -
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William Jennings Bryan
leading American politician from the 1890s until his death. He was a dominant force in the populist wing of the Democratic Party, standing three times as the Party's candidate for President of the United States. -
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Jane Addams
Pioneer American settlement social worker, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader in women's suffrage and world peace. -
Homestead Act
were several United States federal laws that gave an applicant ownership of land, typically called a "homestead", at little or no cost. -
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Ida B. Wells
African-American journalist, newspaper editor, suffragist, sociologist, and an early leader in the civil rights movement. -
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social gospel
Protestant Christian intellectual movement that was most prominent in the early 20th century United States and Canada. -
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Muckraker
o search for and expose real or alleged corruption, scandal, or the like, especially in politics. -
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Populism
political doctrine that appeals to the interests and conceptions of the general people, especially contrasting those interests with the interests of the elite. -
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gilded age
was an era of rapid economic growth, especially in the North and West. American wages, especially for skilled workers, were much higher than in Europe, which attracted millions of immigrants. The increase of industrialization meant, despite the increasing labor force, real wages in the US grew 60% from 1860 to 1890, and continued to rise after that.[ -
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Upton Sinclair
American author who wrote nearly 100 books in many genres. He achieved popularity in the first half of the twentieth century, acquiring particular fame for his classic muckraking novel, The Jungle -
haymarket affair
was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on Tuesday May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square[2] in Chicago. -
Dawes act
A federal law intended to turn Native Americans into farmers and landowners by providing cooperating families with 160 acres of reservation land for farming or 320 acres for grazing. -
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Progressivism
broad philosophy based on the Idea of Progress, which asserts that advancement in science, technology, economic development, and social organization are vital to improve the human condition. -
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initiative
the initiative is a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. -
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Klondike Gold Rush
also called the Yukon Gold Rush, the Alaska Gold Rush, the Alaska-Yukon Gold Rush, the Canadian Gold Rush, and the Last Great Gold Rush, was a migration by an estimated 100,000 prospectors to the Klondike region of the Yukon in north-western Canada between 1896 and 1899. -
food and drug act
irst of a series of significant consumer protection laws enacted by the Federal Government in the twentieth century and led to the creation of the Food and Drug Administration. -
16th amendment
The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration. -
recall
Is a procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office through a direct vote before his or her term is over. -
17th amendment
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislatures. -
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dollar diplomacy
effort of the United States—particularly over President William Howard Taft—to further its aims in Latin America and East Asia through use of its economic power by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries. -
Federal reserve act
Act of Congress that created and set up the Federal Reserve System, the central banking system of the United States of America, and granted it the legal authority to issue Federal Reserve Notes and Federal Reserve Bank Notes as legal tender. -
18th amendment
amendment banned the sale and drinking of alcohol in the United States. This amendment took effect in 1919 and was a huge failure. - See more at: http://kids.laws.com/18th-amendment#sthash.JEKiH2jJ.dpuf -
19th amendment
guarantees all American women the right to vote. -
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teapot some scandal
bribery incident that took place in the United States from 1920 to 1923, during the reign of President Warren G. Harding. -
third political parties
used in the United States for any and all political parties in the United States other than one of the two major parties.
