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Robber Barons
The captains of industry who monopolized the railroads, the steel industry, the tobacco industry, the oil industry and the financiers who controlled the banks and used unfair business practices.
Ex.John Jacob Astor, Andrew Carnegie, William A. -
Industrialization
Industrialization marked a shift to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories and mass production. -
Nativism
It is characterized by opposition to immigration based on fears that the immigrants will distort or spoil existing cultural values. -
Bessemer steel production
This process made the production of steel more economical. -
Political Machine
The primary purpose of political machines was to gain power in government and keep it. This usually happened through an elaborate system of patronage and community rewards as a way to win votes. -
Ida B. Wells
A leading voice in the social reform movement, (murder by hanging) was one main tactics used to terrorize African Americans, especially in the south. -
The Gilded Age
Entrepreneurs were also able to reap huge profits for themselves, creating immense wealth. Because of their lavish lifestyles, the period from 1865- 1900 became known as the gilded age. -
Knights Of Labor
Hoped to create a single national union by joining together all skilled and unskilled workers. -
Social Gospel
Protestant ministers in the social gospel movement called for social reforms including the abolition of child labor and safer working conditions. -
Susan B. Anthony
A prominent reformer, attempted to vote in Rochester, New York, on the grounds that she was citizen and had that right under the 14th amendment. -
Great Railroad strike 1877
Striking workers would not allow any of the trains, mainly freight trains, to roll until this third wage cut was revoked. -
Upton Sinclair
Upton Sinclair published a book name "the jungle" which led to federal legislation such as the Pure Food and Drug Act and improvements in working conditions for meat packers and other factory workers. -
Settlement House
The purpose was to assimilate and ease the transition of immigrants into the labor force by teaching them middle-class American values. -
Populism & Progressivism
Populists were mainly aggrieved farmers who advocated radical reforms, the Progressives were middle-class reformers who wanted to increase the role of government in reform while maintaining a capitalist economy. -
American Federation of Labor
Was founded by Samuel Gompers. Gompers hoped to creat a powerful union by uniting workers with similar economic interests. -
Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell is best known for his invention of the telephone. -
Samuel Gompers
Gompers hoped to create a powerful union by uniting workers with similar economic interests. -
Haymarket Riot
A labor protest rally near Chicago's Haymarket Square turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at police. At least eight people died as a result of the violence that day -
Interstate Commerce Act 1887
The court ruled that only congress had the power to regulate interstate commerce. In response, congress passed the interstate commerce act. -
Andrew Carnegie
Helped organize and increase production, bought iron ore fielus, coal mines and ships to have complete control over the production of steel. -
Jane Addams
Co-founder of the Hull House, which served as the first social settlement house in America. -
Jacob Riis
His book How the Other Half Lives, shocked the conscience of his readers with factual descriptions of slum conditions in New York City. -
Sherman Antitrust Act
The purpose was to stop monopolies engaging in unfair practices that prevented fair competition. -
Homestead Strike 1892
For a $10 fee an individual could register for land available to settle . (160 acres) -
Eugene V. Debbs
In 1893 Eugene V. Debs became president of the American Railway Union. His union conducted a successful strike for higher wages against the Great Northern Railway in 1894. -
Pullman Strike 1894
Boycott. Many of the Pullman factory workers joined the American Railway Union, led by Eugene V. Debs, which supported their strike by launching a boycott in which ARU members refused to run trains containing Pullman cars. -
William Jennings Bryan
His "Cross of gold" speech praised farmers and denounced bankers for "crucifying mankind on a cross of gold." -
Klondike Gold Rush
A rush of thousands of people in the 1890s toward the Klondike gold mining district in northwestern Canada after gold was discovered there. -
Tenement
As cities grew, whole families crowded into tenements- single room apartments often without heat or lighting. -
Initiative, Referendum, Recall
The purpose of these reforms was to end corruption and to make state government more directly accountable to the people. -
Theodore Roosevelt
An American statesman and writer who served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909. -
Industrial Workers of the world
The goal was to promote worker solidarity in the revolutionary struggle to overthrow the employing class. -
Muckraker
These writers became known as "muckrakers" because they raked up the "muck" or dirt of American life. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
Regulated the preparation of foods and the sale of medicines. -
Dollar Diplomacy
President Taft encouraged bankers to invest in the countries of the Caribbean region. His use of American investment to promote American foreign policy goals became known as "dollar diplomacy". -
Federal Reserve Act
The act reformed the banking industry by establishing 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks to serve as "bankers banks." -
16th Amendment
Allows the federal government to collect an income tax from all Americans. -
17th Amendments
Providing for the election of two U.S. senators from each state by popular vote and for a term of six years. -
18th Amendment
Banned the sale and drinking of alcohol in the United States. -
19th Amendment
Gives women the right to vote in 1920. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
Uncovered just after hardings death in 1923, was one of the worst scandals in U.S. history. -
Clarence Darrow
A farm attorney who defended scopes. Clarence was considered to be the greatest orator, and the scopes trial became the first in American history to be broadcast over national radio.
