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Nicholas II ruled from 1 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 2 March 1917.
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The Kuomintang is a Chinese political party that ruled China 1927–48 and then moved to Taiwan.
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The Russo-Japanese War was "the first great war of the 20th century."
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The Trans-Siberian Railway is the longest railway in the world. It was built between 1891 and 1916 to connect Moscow with the Far-East city of Vladivostok. En route it passes through the cities of Perm, Yekaterinburg, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk, Chita and Khabarovsk.
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Bloody Sunday was the name that came to be given to the events of 22 January 1905 in St Petersburg, Russia, where unarmed demonstrators marching to present a petition to Tsar Nicholas II were fired upon by soldiers.
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The two had disagreed on the issue as early as March–May 1903, but it was not until the Congress that their differences became irreconcilable and split the party
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When he returned from exile, he took over.
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The theory of relativity, or simply relativity in physics, usually encompasses two theories by Albert Einstein
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The revolution, confined to the capital and its vicinity and lasting less than a week, involved mass demonstrations and armed clashes with police and gendarmes, the last loyal forces of the Russian monarchy.
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The Russian Revolution is the collective term for a series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which dismantled the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Russian SFSR.
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Nicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Duke of Finland, and titular King of Poland.
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The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire fought between the Bolshevik Red Army and the White Army, the loosely allied anti-Bolshevik forces.
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a seizure of state power instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917.
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He served as the leader of the Russian SFSR from 1917, and then concurrently as Premier of the Soviet Union from 1922, until his death.
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brought about the end of the war between Russia and Germany in 1918
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The Weimar Republic is the name given by historians to the federal republic and semipresidential representative democracy established in 1919 in Germany.
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The May Fourth Movement was an anti-imperialist, cultural, and political movement growing out of student demonstrations in Beijing .
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The New Economic Policy (NEP) was based around a tax called prodnalog, which was a tax on food. By introducing a tax, Lenin was essentially admitting that he was taxing something people owned. Requisition had forcibly taken food under War Communism
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new plan after lenin's rule
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Between 1921 and 1922, the world’s largest naval powers gathered in Washington for a conference to discuss naval disarmament and ways to relieve growing tensions in East Asia.
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After Lenin's death, Stalin takes over.
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By October 1922, Italy seemed to be slipping into political chaos. The Black Shirts marched on Rome and Mussolini presented himself as the only man capable of restoring order.
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socialist state on the Eurasian continent that existed between 1922 and 1991, governed as a single-party state by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital
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The Ruhr area was to be evacuated by Allied occupation troops. Reparation payments would begin at one billion marks the first year, increasing annually to two and a half billion marks after five years.
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Supported by Sun Yat-sen, Chiang was appointed commandant of the Whampoa Military Academy in Canton in 1924, where he built up the Nationalist army. After Sun's death in 1925, Chiang became leader of the KMT.
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Mein Kampf is an autobiographical manifesto by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, in which he outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany.
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Hirohito, referred to as Emperor Shōwa in Japan, was the 124th Emperor of Japan according to the traditional order, reigning from December 25, 1926, until his death in 1989.
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Fought between forces loyal to the government of the Republic of China led by the Kuomintang (KMT) and forces of the Communist Party of China (CPC).[
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He became the first person to fly over the atlantic
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1928 international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them".
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When the stock market collapsed on Wall Street on Tuesday, October 29, 1929, it sent financial markets worldwide into a tailspin with disastrous effects.
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The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as Black Tuesday or the Stock Market Crash of 1929, began in late October 1929 and was the most devastating stock market crash in history
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a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union orchestrated by Joseph Stalin from 1934 to 1939.
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Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria immediately following the Mukden Incident.
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The New Deal was a series of domestic programs enacted in the United States between 1933 and 1938.
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The Holocaust also known as Shoah, was the mass murder or genocide of approximately six million Jews during World War II
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After Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany by the President of the Weimar Republic Paul von Hindenburg on 30 January 1933, the Nazi Party began to eliminate all political opposition and consolidate their power.
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Franklin Delano Roosevelt, commonly known by his initials FDR, was an American lawyer and statesman who served as the 32nd President of the United States
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Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are common names for Germany during the period from 1933 to 1945, when its government was controlled by Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), commonly known as the Nazi Party.
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Hiteler defies the treaty of Versailles by building up his army, taking back the Rhineland and lots of other things.
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a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang army.
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The Second Italo–Ethiopian War, also referred to as the Second Italo–Abyssinian War, was a colonial war that started in October 1935 and ended in May 1936.
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The remilitarization of the Rhineland by the German Army took place on 7 March 1936 when German military forces entered the Rhineland.
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military and political alliance between fascist Germany and Italy, formalized by the Berlin Agreement of Oct. 25, 1936
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The Second Sino-Japanese War, called so after the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894–95, was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan from 1937 to 1941.
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The Nanking Massacre, also known as the Rape of Nanking, was an episode of mass murder and mass rape committed by Japanese troops against Nanking during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
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the occupation and annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938.
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Adolf Hitler began to support the demands of Germans living in the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia who were seeking closer ties with Germany.
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a pogrom (a series of coordinated attacks) against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria
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Francisco Franco Bahamonde; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975 was the dictator of Spain from 1939 to his death in 1975.
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representatives from Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union met and signed the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, which guaranteed that the two countries would not attack each other.
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On Sept. 1, 1939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland, the act that started World War II.The day before, Nazi operatives had posed as Polish military officers to stage an attack on the radio station in the Silesian city of Gleiwitz. Germany used the event as the pretext for its invasion of Poland.
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The Phoney War was a phase early in World War II that was marked by a lack of major military operations by the Western Allies against the German Reich.
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The Munich Agreement was a settlement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation of portions of Czechoslovakia along the country's borders
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First Lord of the Admiralty, is called to replace Neville Chamberlain as British prime minister following the latter's resignation after losing a confidence vote in the House of Commons.
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the evacuation of Allied soldiers from the beaches and harbour of Dunkirk, France.
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Second World War air campaign waged by the German Air Force against the United Kingdom during the summer and autumn of 1940.
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Three-way Pact or Tripartite Treaty was a pact signed in Berlin, Germany
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was the principal means for providing U.S. military aid to foreign nations during World War II.
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Operation Barbarossa, beginning 22 June 1941, was the code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.
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The Atlantic Charter was a pivotal policy statement issued in August 14,1941 that, early in World War II, defined the Allied goals for the post-war world.
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Congress amends the Neutrality Act of 1935 to allow American merchant ships access to war zones, thereby putting U.S. vessels in the line of fire.
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The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of December 7, 1941.
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After the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor, President Franklin Roosevelt requested, received, and declared a war against Japan.
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It was built to exterminate Jews of the Łódź Ghetto and the local Polish inhabitants of Reichsgau Wartheland. In 1943 modifications were made to the camp's killing methods, as the reception building was already dismantled.
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World War II internment in "War Relocation Camps" of over 110,000 people of Japanese heritage who lived on the Pacific coast of the United States.
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The forcible transfer by the Imperial Japanese Army of 60,000–80,000 Filipino and American prisoners of war after the three-month Battle of Bataan
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The Doolittle Raid, also known as the Tokyo Raid, on 18 April 1942, was an air raid by the United States on the Japanese capital Tokyo and other places on Honshu island during World War II.
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The Battle of the Coral Sea, fought during 4–8 May 1942, was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II
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The Battle of Midway, fought over and near the tiny U.S. mid-Pacific base at Midway atoll, represents the strategic high water mark of Japan's Pacific Ocean war. Prior to this action, Japan possessed general naval superiority over the United States and could usually choose where and when to attack. After Midway, the two opposing fleets were essentially equals, and the United States soon took the offensive.
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When Japanese troops arrived on Guadalcanal on June 8, 1942, to construct an air base, and then American marines landed two months later to take it away from them, few people outside of the South Pacific had ever heard of that 2,500-square-mile speck of jungle in the Solomon Islands. But the ensuing six-month Guadalcanal campaign proved to be the turning point of the Pacific war.
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a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II.
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The Battle of Stalingrad was a major battle of World War II in which Nazi Germany and its allies fought the Soviet Union for control of the city of Stalingrad in the southwestern Soviet Union.
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The Second Battle of El Alamein took place near the Egyptian coastal city of El Alamein.
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Operation Torch was the British-American invasion of French North Africa during the North African Campaign of the Second World War which started on 8 November 1942.
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to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II.
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Auschwitz concentration camp was a network of concentration and extermination camps built and operated by the Third Reich in Polish areas.
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The Allied invasion of Sicily, codenamed Operation Husky, was a major World War II campaign, in which the Allies took Sicily from the Axis Powers.
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raids on Japanese island bases, and on November 20, 1943, the US 2nd Marine Division and army units landed on Tarawa and Makin atolls in the Gilbert Islands.
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The Tehran Conference was a strategy meeting held between Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill from 28 November to 1 December 1943.
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Operation Overlord was the code-name given to the Allied invasion of France scheduled for June 1944
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Kamikaze were Japanese suicide pilots who attacked Allied warships in the Pacific Ocean during the Second World War
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After advancing island by island across the Pacific Ocean, U.S. General Douglas MacArthur wades ashore onto the Philippine island of Leyte, fulfilling his promise to return to the area he was forced to flee in 1942.
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Vichy France, officially the French State, was France during the regime of Marshal Philippe Pétain, during World War II.
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major German offensive campaign launched through the densely forested Ardennes region of Wallonia in Belgium, France and Luxembourg on the Western Front toward the end of World War II in Europe.
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The World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union, represented by President Franklin D
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The Battle of Iwo Jima, or Operation Detachment, was a major battle in which the United States Armed Forces fought for and captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Japanese Empire.
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fought on the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa and was the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War of World War II
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Benito Mussolini, and his mistress, Clara Petacci, are shot by Italian partisans who had captured the couple as they attempted to flee
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Adolf Hitler committed suicide by gunshot on 30 April 1945 in his Führerbunker in Berlin.
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Hitler was unaware that the German surrender had already begun so, On the day before his death all German troops in Italy laid down their arms.
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The Final Solution was Nazi Germany's plan during World War II to systematically exterminate the Jewish people in Nazi-occupied Europe
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Victory in Europe Day, generally known as V-E Day or VE Day, was the public holiday celebrated on 8 May 1945 to mark the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender.
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The Potsdam Conference was held at Cecilienhof, the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm Hohenzollern, in Potsdam, occupied Germany, from 17 July to 2 August 1945.
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The atomic bombings of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan were conducted by the United States during the final stages of World War II in August 1945
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The atomic bombings of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan were conducted by the United States during the final stages of World War II in August 1945.
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The day that Japan surrendered.
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The surrender of the Empire of Japan on September 2, 1945, brought the hostilities of World War II to a close.
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series of military tribunals, held by the Allied forces after World War II, most notable for the prosecution of prominent members of the political, military, and economic leadership of Nazi Germany
