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Congress of Racial Equality was Founded
Civil Rights-Protects individual from infringement by Government and ect.
-CORE was a nonviolent action in means of change
-Assisted in desegregation of many facilities in the North -
Jackie Robison Hired to the Brooklyn Dodgers
Color line- A custom law that separated whites and nonwhites
-Robison was the first black Major League baseball player
-After Robison join the Major League other sports started excepting blacks into their sport -
Executive Order 9981
Segregation- putting blacks away from the whites
-No more segregation in the military
-Equality to all race color religion in the armed forces -
Brown V. Education Ruling
Thurgood Marshal- Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
-Parents tried to enroll their kids in a white school but where denied
-Since they were denied enrollment into the school they sued and the case went all to the supreme court -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Boycott- African Americans didn't ride the white bus in Protest
Rosa Parks- Didn't give up seat to white passenger then got arrested
- On that day al most all the African Americans that rode the bus didn't
-The Protesters choose Martin Luther King Jr. to lead the Bus Boycott -
Integration of Central High School
Little Rock 9- Nine black people desegregated Central High School
-Desegregation of Little Rock Arkansas schools
-National Guard stopped the Black students from entering the school -
First Lunch Counter Sit-Ins
sit-in- sitting in a public facility as a means of peaceful protesting
Jim crow laws- laws that made racial segregation okay in the south
- African American college kids went into Woolsworth everyday
- These students were often attacked by white customers and store owners -
Freedom Rides
Civil Disobedience-Refuse to comply with the laws in form of protest
SNCC-The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee one of the most important protesting groups
-Freedom riders rode busses through the south to test the segregation laws were being followed
- Mobs beat the bus passengers up when they got to their town -
Birmingham Campaign: Letter from Birmingham Jail
SCLC-Southern Christian Leader Conference civil rights organization
-Black residents of Birmingham had segregation in every part of their life
-Many protester including King were arrested for protesting with out an permit and had to stay in jail for awhile -
March on Washington
NAACP-the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People founded during the civil rights movement
-MLK Jr. Gave his famous "I have a dream" speech
-Makes president sigh a law to end segregation -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
-Plessy v. Ferguson: 1896 case that determined separate but equal facilities
- Originally Kennedy's idea, President Johnson carried through with it
- One of the most important civil rights law passed since reconstruction -
Advocates for the Black Nationalism
Nation of Islam-A complete separation from the whites and starting a black community and ect.
Malcolm X- Leader of the Nation of Islam
-Malcolm rejected the goals of the early civil rights movement
-He was mad because he was put behind bars because of the white man -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Disenfranchise-Not give legal rights to a person
-Outlawed test to not let Blacks vote
-Efforts to voting rights were successful more black votes were being counted -
Watts Riot
Kerner Commission-Was a board to investigate the race riots in the United States
Ghettos-A part of the city where one type of people live
-70% of the African American population was in big cities
-The Riots lasted six long days -
Black Panther Party Founded
Black Power-Protest by African Americans to gain economic and political power
-For days the marchers endured insults and threats from whites
-If they were attacked they would not back off the black panthers -
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Discrimination- Prejudice of different people from you
-Banned discrimination in Housing Sales
-MLK Jr got shot and died -
Swann V. Charlotte-Mecklenberg Board of Education
Desegregation-Ending of segregation
-Integrated schools were ordered to be in Charlotte North Carolina
-The Supreme Court ruled in favor of judge with integrated schools -
Regents of the University of California vs Bakke
Affirmative Action-A policy on employers to hire more minorities
-Affirmative Action was first introduced by John F Kennedy
-During the 1960s many college and universities adopted affirmative action
