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Austria once again dominated the Italian pennisula. The Congress of Vienna also left Italy divided.
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There is a revolution in the Papal States. King Charles Albert becomes King of Sardinia; "Young Italy" is founded by Mazzini.
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Pius IX becomes Pope
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There are uprisings in Palermo and a constitutional edict in Naples. A constitutional monarchy is proclaimed in Piedmont and a constitution granted in Rome. The Republic is proclaimed with Mazzini as head. There is a successful revolution in Milan. Venice proclaimed a Republic; Charles Albert [Piedmont and Sardinia] invades Lombardy; Tuscan forces invade Lombardy; Naples constitution denied; Union of Venetia and Piedmont declared, soon overthrown; Battle of Custozza, Charles Albert defeated.
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Cavour becomes Prime Minister in Sardinia-Piedmonte.
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War between Austria and Sardinia Piedmont; Austria defeated by Piemontese and French; Sardinia gains Lombardy.
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Tuscany and Emilia declare for union with Sardinia-Piedmonte; Revolution in Sicily, Garibaldi lands and is victorious; invades Italy and gains victory; enters Naples Piemontese army under Victor Emmanuel take over from Garibaldi; Marche and Umbria vote for annexation to Piedmonte.
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Sicily and Naples vote to join Kingdom of Italy; Kingdom of Italy proclaimed.
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Italy joins Prussia in War against Austria; gains Venetia;
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Italian troops occupy Rome when French abandon city;
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Rome made Capital of Kingdom
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World War 1 breaks out.