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Period: Feb 23, 1453 to
The Ottoman Empire
It's sheer age heavily contributed to the downfall after World War I. -
Lommbardy
Cavour secured Napoleon a pledge of military assistance if Austria attacked Sardinia. Cavour manuvered Austria into declaring war. -
Period: to
Sardinia-Piedmont unifies Italt by territorial annexations
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The Dutchies
In Parama, Modena and Tuscany the people drove out their pro-Austrian rulers and, by publicities voted the annexation to Sardinia-Piedmont. -
The Two Silicies
Garibaldi came to the aid of the Sicilian and Neapolitan revolutionaries. He sailed from Piedmont to Sicily with a volenteer army of 1000 men, called "Red Shirts." -
The Papal States
While Garibaldi conquered the two Sicilies, Cavour ordered Sardinians troops into the Papal States. The Sardinians welcomed by natioalist groups, overran central Italy. Cavour announced the annexation of the Papal States. -
Creation of Prussian Military Power
The government's request for increased military funds was defeated in the Prussian legislature; its liberal majority opposed militarism was distrusted Bismarck. Bismarck ignored the law makers and violated the Prussian constitution. -
Period: to
Steps in German Unification
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The Danish War
Bismarck brought about a war with Denmark over the provinces of Schleswing and Holstein. Prussia joined by Austria easily defeated Denmark. Prussia and Austria became joint owners of the two provinces. -
The Venetia
Italy allied itself with Prussia int he Seven Weeks's War against Austria. The Italians invaded Venetia but were defeated. Prussian's army overwhelmed the Austrians. -
The Austro-Prussian War
Bismarck fought with Austria regarding the administration of the conquered provinces and provoked a war. Prussis was allied with Italy, which wanted the Italian inhabited territory held by Austria. By the treaty of peace, Austria agreed to Prussia's annexation of Shleswig-Holstein, ceded Venetia to Italy, and agreed to dissolve the Autrian-dominated German Confederation, withdrawing German affairs. -
Establishment of the North German Confederation
Follwing the Autro-Prussian war, Bismarck annexed several North German states and compelled the remaining ones to joinin a Prussian-dominated North German Confederation. -
Rome
Because of the Franco-Prussian war, France withdrew its troops protecting the pope in Rome. Italian forces occupied the city. Rome was annexed and designated the capital of Italy. -
The Austro-Hungarian Empire dissolves
The Austrian Empire led by the Hapsburgs was trying to stop the spread of nationalalism. The real issue was the diverse population located in the area known as Balkans. Austria was in control of Hungary, the German state of Bohemia, and parts of Romania, Italy, Poland, and the Ukraine. Power was in control of people who spoke German of the Austrian empire. It only mand 1/4 of the population in Austria.