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First Zionist Congress
Organized by Theodor Herzl, the congress announced Zionism's goal of establishing a legally assured home for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel and created an umbrella organization to promote this goal. -
McMahon-Hussein Correspondence
During World War l, British Commissioner Henry McMahon promised him that Britian would grant independence to most Arab areas in the Ottoman Empire. After the war, Arab and British representatives disagreed over the borders that were promised. -
Balfour Declaration
The British Balfour Declaration promised to create a Jewish homeland in the region comprising the ancient Land of Isreal. -
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British Mandate for Palestine
The League of Nations divided Ottoman lands between the British and the French after World War l. -
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The Holocaust and World War ll
Nazi Germany attacked and conquered most of Europe. Before and during the war, the Nazis persecuted Jews, eventually carrying out a genocide known as the Holocaust. This resulted in the murder of 6 million Jews. -
UN Partition Plan
On November 29, 1947 the UN General Assembly voted to partition the Palestine Mandate into an Arab state and a Jewish state and to internationalize the city of Jerusalem -
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1948 War
This was the first Arab-Israeli war and is known in Israel as the War of Independence and by the Palestanian Arabs as the Catastrophe As a result of the war, Israel obtained twenty percent more land than the UN pertition alotted -
Establishment of the PLO
In 1964, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was formed with the aim of destroying Israel and creating a Palestanian state in its place -
Six-Day War / 1967 Arab-Israeli
After weeks of fruitless diplomacy, Israel launched a preemptive strike against the Arab armies mobilized on its borders, and a six-day war ensued between Israel and Egypt -
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Khartoum Resolution/ Attrition Battles/ The War of Attrition
Egypt began small-scale attacks against Israeli positions along the Suez Canal which continued until Anwar Sadat came to power in 1970. during this same period, the PLO attacked Israeli military personnel and civilian bases in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, and Egypt. -
Settlement Construction Begins
The Israeli government approved the building of settlements in the Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, and West Bank. The term settlements refers to Israeli communities built on land that was captured in the 1967 War. The first settlements were intended to act as security outposts and to prevent attacks on major population centers. -
October War
Egypt and Syria attacked Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest day of the Jewish year. After initial Arab military successes, the Israelis managed to push back the attack. -
Camp Davis Accords
Menachem Begin of Israel and Anwar al-Sadat of Egypt signed agreements in Camp David. The American-sponsored talks paved the way to the peace treaty signed in 1979. -
Egypt-Israeli Peace Treaty
As a result of intense diplomatic efforts by the United States, Egypt became the first Arab country to recognize and enter into a peace treaty with Israel -
Lebanon War
PLO units in southern Lebanon increasingly attacked communities in northern Israel. In response, Israel launched an attack on PLO militants stationed in Lebanon. This conflict is known as the 1982 Lebanon War or the First Lebanon War -
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First Intifada
Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank engaged in an uprising, or intifada, against Israeli control of these territories. Palestinians attacked Israelis with improvised weapons and firearms supplied by the PLO, which organized much of the uprising. Israel tried to contain the violence, which was directed at soldiers and civilians, primarily in the territories. -
Olso Accords
The Oslo Accords were a set of agreements that began in 1993 when Israel and the PLO signed a Declaration of Principles (DOP). -
Israel-Jordan Peace Treaty
As with the 1979 peace treaty between Egypt and Israel, the United States led a difficult but successful diplomatic process to help Jordan and Israel achieve peace. -
Camp David Summit
American President Bill Clinton brought Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian President Yasser Arafat to Camp David in July 2000. -
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Second Intifada
Many Palestinians claimed that Sharon’s visit was provocative and began to riot. Many Israelis claimed that Sharon's visit was a pretext for violence, not its cause since the visit was coordinated in advance with Palestinian officials. Palestinians rioted and threw rocks onto Jewish worshippers at the Western Wall. Israeli police responded. Palestinian terrorists attacked Israelis with numerous suicide bombers, killing almost 900 civilians and wounding thousands of others at restaurants, nightcl -
Israel Begins Constructing West Bank Security Barrier
In 2002, Israel responded to the suicide bombings by constructing a security barrier to protect its citizens from terrorist groups in the West Bank.
