Iraq (Anfal Campaign)

  • 1986

    The Iraqi government, led by Saddam Hussein, start to conduct a series of military campaigns against Kurdish populations in northern Iraq
  • 1988

    Halabja, a Kurdish town, is attacked with chemical weapons resulting in the deaths of thousands.
  • 1988

    The Iraqi government carries out coordinated attacks on Kurdish villages, using chemical weapons, bombings, and mass killings
  • 1988

    A decree is issued targeting all Kurds, leading to mass arrests and disappearances
  • 1988

    The Anfal campaign officially ends after the Iraqi government declares victory, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 50,000 to 180,000 Kurds