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ARPANET
In 1969, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) commissioned the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET). ARPANET was the result of a resource-sharing experiment. The purpose was to provide high-speed network communication links between various supercomputers located at various regional sites within the United States. ARPAnet was expanded and improved over a number of years to finally introduce the first version of the TCP/IP protocol. -
newsgroups, bulletin boards
Bulletin Board Systems were introduced in the 1970s. This was the first form of social use with the internet. The boards would normally be free but eventually some boards charged due to popularity. This activity would usually include people that lived in the same area as phones have to be used and it was even more expensive to access a bulletin board in a long distance area. -
Email
ARPAnet also introduced other innovation like email. This introduced the ability to send simple messages to another person across a network. This allowed for easy and quick communication between network users. -
Telnet
Telnet is a remote connection service for controlling a computer and is one of the basic utilities needed for sharing information over ARPAnet. -
File transfer protocol (FTP)
File transfer protocol allows information to be sent from one computer to another in bulk. This is the second basic utilities needed for sharing information over ARPAnet. -
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
As ARPAnet grew a new protocol was introduced in draft. TCP showed the basis on how to build a host to host data transfer service over the network. -
International packet switched service
The IPSS was created in 1978 by the UK's General Post Office, Western Union, and the USA's Tymnet. IPSS provides the worldwide networking infrastructure. By the 1990s, it could be accessed worldwide. Companies and individual users could access it, but would have to use a PSS line. If they chose to have faster speeds, then this would be more expensive. -
Internet Protocol (IP)
In 1981 IP was introduced in draft and showed how to use an addressing system and route data packets between interconnected networks. -
TCP/IP protocol
On January 1, 1983, ARPANET started to fully implement the TCP and IP protocols for all network traffic and communication.
TCP/IP protocol works by the computer breaking its data into IP (Internet Protocol) packets. They are sent across the network a few packets at a time and the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) makes sure the packets are delivered reassembled in the right order. This would connect many different networks together to form the 'internet'. -
Domain name addressing system
As more and more users were joining the network and it would become hard to distinguish between sites if they all have the original domain name which was HOSTS.TXT. Users can buy domain names at set prices. An example of a website that you can buy domain names from is heartinternet. A single domain name be used when it is already in use. -
National Science Foundation (NSF)
In 1984, the U.S. military portion of the ARPANET was broken off as a separate network, the MILNET. Another organisation of the U.S. government, the National Science Foundation (NSF), became involved in internet research and started to develop the NSF. In 1984 NSF designed the first Wide Area Network designed to use TCP/IP. This grew into the NSFNet in 1986. NSFnet still form the backbone of the internet today. -
10,000 hosts
This is the date that the amount of hosts on the internet raised to 10,000. This was good but caused problems as the amount of domain names shortened and the amount of traffic across the internet increased. The network therefore has to keep improving to cope with the increasing amount of users. More users mean more money and more views for websites. -
First commercial dialup
A dial up is a way of internet access using a phone line. This was the year that ARPAnet was shutdown. This way of accessing the internet means for an easy way of accessing the internet and allows more people to get internet access. Therefore the internet will therefore have more ways to grow and expand. -
Search engines
The first Search Engine created was called Archie in 1990, created by Alan Emtage. This search engine allowed the user to find specific files. It worked by matching words to the file names. This allowed for quick and easy searches which is what search engines are all about. -
World Wide Web, CERN
Tim Berners-Lee invented the first web browser in 1989 and was later released to scientists in 1991 via the CERN program library. Soon after it was made available via the Internet. The purpose of the WWW was to merge the technologies of personal computers, computer networking and hypertext into an easy to use information system. -
First widely used browser (Mosaic)
The first widely used browser was called Mosaic. It was developed in 1993 by the NCSA which stands for National Center for Supercomputing Applications. Mosaic can still be downloaded of NCSA’s websites. Mosaic played a part in popularizing the World Wide Web. Internet explorer, Google chrome and Mozilla Firefox still share many of the characteristics of Mosaic today. -
Word ‘Internet’ in daily use
The internet was very popular by this time and more and more people were starting to use it and use the name of it in their everyday lives. -
10 million users
This was the time where the amount of users of the internet raised to 10 million users. This shows how quickly the internet spread around with popularity. This shows that the growth was going to keep going. In 2000 internet users raised to 361 million and in 2010 internet users was nearly up to 2 billion. This is an incredible number and shows how vast the internet has become. -
Dotcom bubble burst
This was the time of the internet boom due to more existing and new companies were turning to internet based business. Internet based businesses were seeing their stock prices shoot up if they simply added a .com to the end of their business name. This helped with the rapid growth of the internet and the increase of internet based businesses. This boom ended during 2000-2001 as many of the internet based businesses were starting to fail. -
Wifi
This allowed for wireless internet access. This made it even easier for internet access which then led to Wifi hotspots so people could access the internet away from home. Mobile phones then eventually got Wifi technology which allowed for a small device to have internet access. This also helped social networking as many people use their phones to access Facebook nowadays. There is currently an estimate of around 800,000 Wi-Fi hotspots scattered around the world. -
Social networking and Facebook
Social networking is one thing that has become one of the most popular inventions on the internet. Facebook has become one of the most popular social networking sites and is one of the most visited pages on the internet. It was published on 11th May 2004. It is good because people can keep in touch with friends no matter of geographical location. -
Youtube
Youtube was created in 2005 by a couple of PayPal founders. Youtube contains just about any type of video, legally. It is very easy to lose an hour or two watching videos on Youtube. -
Touch screen technology
This was invented a long time ago but it wasn’t until the release of the iPhone in 2007 was it was fully upgraded into something amazing. This has become very popular with users with other brands following the suite with other touch screen products.