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10
The Agricultural Revolution
This process began 10,000 years ago among the peoples of Mesopotamia and Egypt, and continued throughout the world between those Europe (4500 BC), Africa (3000 BC) and America (2500 BC). -
1054
Theological revolt
Separation of the Catholic Church caused because was more interested in income than saving souls and others events. -
1501
Demand for cotton fabrics
At the beginning of the 18th century, the manufacture of fabrics was the industry with the most workers.
From the 16th century on, England became an important producer of woolen fabrics. -
Population increase
It began to increase in the 1700 and 1800, the European population went from about 115 to 190 million inhabitants. -
Blast coke ovens
Until well into the 18th century, iron was obtained by heating layers of material and charcoal in furnaces several meters high. The product obtained was a high quality iron: wrought iron or soft iron. -
Machine tools
The first lathe was the one invented around 1751 by Jacques de Vaucanson. -
Mechanical spinning
The first power spinning machine was invented in 1764: the spinning-jenny. It was made up of a manually operated mechanism that was neither too big nor too expensive. The former had only eight uses and after twenty years of spindle it could have eighty spindles. -
The Fatory system
The factory system was a productive method and an organization of industrial work, possibly Richard Arkwright was the promoter of this factory system. -
The water frame
A new type of spinning machine was invented: the water-frame. The thread it made was of higher quality than the previous one: it was thinner and stronger but it was a large and heavy mechanism. -
Emergence of Middle class
Causes:
More factories were built.
Trasportation and communication changed.
Technology increased -
Improves iron quality
The excess sulfur that the iron contained, making it brittle. But the most expensive and delicate objects demanded wrought iron.
In 1784, puddling was invented, which was basically a process to reduce the sulfur content of iron. -
The first mechanical looms
The process of weaving had become more rapid since a simple mechanism had appeared in the 18th century: the flying shuttle. But this one did not have sufficient capacity to weave the great amount of thread that the mechanical spinning machines provided. -
The textile industry in the 19th century
The cotton industry continued its progress: spinning and weaving machines were being perfected and were moved by steam engines. -
The railway
The English engineer Richard Trevithick and his compatriot Andrew Vivian patented a traction steam locomotive that moved on rails by means of a gear. -
Water and steam machine
Robert Fulton launched a ship whose propeller was a paddle wheel, powered by a steam engine. -
Electricity
The use of electricity as a source of energy began in the late nineteenth century, thanks to various technological inventions: the dynamo, transformers and the use of the force of falling water. -
The oil
By the 1880, research had developed the internal combustion engine and a heavy oil engine, using petroleum derivatives as an energy source. -
The steel and metallurgical industries in the 19th century.
One of the industries that reached greater development was the iron and steel industry or manufacture of iron. -
The invention of the car
From the early years of the 19th century there were inventors who tried to apply the steam engine to a vehicle engine. The first to do so managed to start an internal combustion gas engine tied to a car. It was perfected with the combustion of gasoline and air.The car -
Chemical industry
Well into the 19th century, a new industry developed that made it possible to manufacture previously unknown or little-used products.
