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Period: 7000 BCE to 6200 BCE
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
The first known hominin emeriged in Africa about 7 million ago. Its canine teeth were smaller than earlier apes. -
Period: 6200 BCE to 5800 BCE
Orrorin tugenensis
Another species lived in East Africa. Its thighbone suggests upright walking. -
Period: 5800 BCE to 5300 BCE
Ardipithecus kadabba
A toe bone from this species also points to bipedalism. The ability to walk on two feet evolved long before other human-like traits, such as big brains. -
Period: 4400 BCE to 4450 BCE
Ardipithecus ramidus
Fossils showthat even as they walked upright, hominins were still tree climbers. -
Period: 4100 BCE to 3950 BCE
Australopithecus anamensis
But around 4 million year ago, grasping feet were lost. -
Period: 3800 BCE to 3450 BCE
Australopithecus bahrelghazali
Multiple hominin species lived simultaneously. Sometimes their ranges overlopped. -
Period: 3800 BCE to 3000 BCE
Australopithecus afarensis
Multiple hominin species lived simultaneously. Sometimes their ranges overlopped. -
Period: 3500 BCE to 3490 BCE
Kenyanthropus platyops
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Period: 3200 BCE to 2100 BCE
Australopithecus africanus
By 3 million years ago, hominins were living in southern Africa. Tools allowed hominins to adapt to new environments. -
Period: 2600 BCE to 2250 BCE
Paranthropus aethiopicus
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Period: 2450 BCE to 2430 BCE
Australopithecus garhi
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Period: 2200 BCE to 1500 BCE
Homo habilis
The firts known stone tools were produced in Ethiopia. They may have been produced by Homo habilis, a member of the genus Homo-our own group. -
Period: 2200 BCE to 1200 BCE
Paranthropus boisei
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Period: 1950 BCE to 1200 BCE
Homo ergaster
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Period: 1950 BCE to 1940 BCE
Homo rudolfensis
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Period: 1950 BCE to 200 BCE
Homo erectus
About 2 million years ago, Homo erectus became the first hominin to migrate out of Africa. Homo erectus had human-like traits: lage brain, dexterous fingers, long legs. -
Period: 1940 BCE to 1100 BCE
Paranthropus robustus
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Period: 1940 BCE to 1935 BCE
Australalopithecus sediba
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Period: 1050 BCE to 990 BCE
Homo antecessor
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Period: 800 BCE to 200 BCE
Homo heidelbergensis
By 800,000 years ago, advances in cooking were fueling further brain growth. -
Period: 400 BCE to 380 BCE
Homo naledi
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Period: 400 BCE to 50 BCE
Homo neanderthalensis
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Period: 200 BCE to 1 BCE
Homo sapiens
Our own species, Homo sapiens, emerged in Africa about 200,000 years ago. Homo sapiens lived alongside -and interbred with- other hominin species. Homo sapiens were highly adaptable, quickly filling nearly ever geographic niche. -
Period: 20 BCE to 5 BCE
Denisovans
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Period: 20 BCE to 5 BCE
Homo floresiensis