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Period: to
Industrial Revolution
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James Hargreaves invents the spinning jenny
This technology allowed someone to spin eight or more strings simultaneously. In the past, multiple people had to use spinning wheels to keep up with the demand for string. By the 1800's, up to one- hundred strings could be spun at once! Mass- production of string and clothing was made possible by the spinning jenny.
picture from:http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spinning_jenny.jpg
Note: All information used came from the World History textbook of chapter 12 -
James Watt builds steam engines capable of powering machinery
The steam engine was a powerful machine that could move a locomotive or drive a machine using heat to make steam rise and turn a paddle- wheel that turned gears to drive the machine. The steam engine would replace horses, which were less efficient than trains. It would also go on to replace sailing ships with steamships, which could sail against the wind. Also, they could drive machinery, allowing mass- production.
picture from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ertingen_Dampfmaschine.JPG -
Steamboat is invented
The steamboat allowed a sailor to travel regardless of wind by using the steam engine to power it. Steamboats could transport people materials across rivers with ease. Also, they could move faster due to the efficiency of steam power. This technology helped drive the industrial revolution by speeding the process of transporting goods.
picture from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ticonderoga_(steamboat).jpg -
Congress of Vienna meets
Officials met in Vienna after the Napoleonic War to decide which country gets what land and who to put in charge of those countries. There was much dispute over the German states that Napoleon invaded, with Prussia and Austria wanting these states. The Monarchies were unstable, with people wanting freedom. This meeting restored order to Europe.
picture from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Austria_Bundesadler.svg -
Sir Walter Scott writes Ivanhoe
Ivanhoe is a classic book about Saxon and Norman knights in medieval England. It takes place iduring the time when King John ruled while Richard the Lionhearted wass crusading.They jousted and fought for the Saxon princess Rowena. Also, Robin Hood and his merry men ambushed the knights along the way. picture from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gehrts_Ivanhoe.jpg -
Steamships cross the Atlantic Ocean
Steamships used the steam to move faster than sailing ships and could move regardless of the wind's speed or direction. Trade across the Atlantic boomed due to this achievement. Steamships would be used up until World War One, when gasoline- powered ships proved to be more efficient and did not require people feeding coal into the engine constantly. The steamships were a powerful new technology.
picture found: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Steamship_CARPATHIA.png -
Second French empire begins
Napoleon III was voted into office. However, he proved to be an authoritarian ruler. Napoleon III started the second French Empire, which lasted longer than the first empire but ended after a war with Prussia.. However, he industrialized France and turned it into an industrial power.
picture found: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg -
Charles Darwin Writes his book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
This book proposed the theory of evolution, which stated that the most successful organisms reproduced, which slowly improved the organisms and resulted in evolution. However, evolution was scoffed at as a nutty idea at the time. Many thought he blasphemed God! In my opinion, it is a great theory and God could have used evolution during creation.
picture found: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Editorial_cartoon_depicting_Charles_Darwin_as_an_ape_(1871).jpg -
Mendeleyev classifies material elements
This was a step forward in Science, allowing the elements to be better understood and let others be discovered. This new table was nowhere near complete. It still was a great leap forward from earlier science. The modern periodic table would not be possible without Mendeleyev.
picture found: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mendeleev's_1869_periodic_table.png -
Wilhelm I becomes first Kaiser of Germany
Germany gained a lot of land, wealth, and power by attacking France. Wilhelm, or Willaim I of Prussia was proclaimed the leader of the Second Reich. The first was the holy Roman Empire and the third would be Nazi Germany. Unity in Germany allowed it to become extremely productive and the strongest power in Europe.
picture found: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carl_Steffeck-Reille1884,Ruhmeshalle-2.JPG
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