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Bessemer Process
The process of adding air into iron to remove carbon and impurities developed by Henry Bessemer and William Kelly. This was a cheap method of making steel.
http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2008/11/dayintech_1111
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Edwin Drake
Edwin Drake was a railroad conductor from Titusville, Pennsylvania. He was the first to drill oil out of the ground. This oil became the new cheaper fuel source for houses and lighting. Became the start of the oil rush of the United States.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/theymadeamerica/whomade/drake_hi.html
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Credit Mobilier Scandal
Union Pacific Railway made a railroad construction company called Credit Mobilier and built railroads for double and sometimes triple the actual cost and kept the extra money. Almost 20 million excess dollars were given to the workers of Credit Mobilier. Nobody was arrested because of the scandal.
http://l1randall359.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/credit-mobilier-scandal.jpg -
Christopher Sholes' Typewriter
The invention of the typewriter, by Christopher Sholes, changed office work and created more jobs, primarily for women.
http://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/tw-history.html
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Completion Of Transcontinental Railroad
The Transcontinental Railroad vastly increased national trade and allowed people to explore the country. It also pushed Native Americans out of their homes and onto reservations of sorts.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/general-article/tcrr-impact/
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John D. Rockefeller and Standard Oil
John D. Rockefeller founded the Standard OIl Company, which was the countrys only provider of oil for a while. Rockefeller became the richest man in the world and created a monopoly in the oil industry. He was a very successful business man and entrepreneur.
http://www.biography.com/people/john-d-rockefeller-20710159
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J.P. Morgan & Co.
J.P. Morgan started his own banking company, J.P. Morgan & Co., which became the leading financial firm, creating a monopoly. He also created a monopoly in the steel and railroad industries. The government turned to J.P. Morgan during the economical depression in 1895.
http://www.biography.com/people/jp-morgan-9414735
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Munn v. Illinois
Munn was convicted by an Illinois court of violationg the maximum charges of storing grains. Munn appealed saying to regulate the maximum rates is to take property from him which is unconstitutional. Supreme Court upheld laws and established public regulation of private businesses.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/397610/Munn-
http://ahksindustrialrevolution.wikispaces.com/file/view/800px-Keppler_Credit_Mobilier_Hari-Kari.png/203655964/320x204/800px-Keppler_Credit_Mobilier_Hari-Kari.png -
Alexander Graham Bell's Telephone
The invention of the telephone revolutionized the way people communicated with each other and impacted the office work and created additional jobs. Invented by Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Watson.
http://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/telephone.htm
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Thomas Edison's Electricity
Thomas Edison invented the first lightbulb and created a system of creating and distributing electricity. Redifined the business as well as the home aspect of life because many machines and appliances now ran on electricity.
http://www.kidcyber.com.au/topics/edison.htm
http://www.smashinglists.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/first-light-bulb.jpg -
Haymarket Riot
Workers on strike in Chicago were leading a peaceful protest until police attempted to break it up, a bomb was thrown at the policemen, killing 7 officers and wounding more. The police opened fire on the protesters killing and wounding some. The case was appealed to Supreme Court and 5 out of 8 defendents were sentenced to death for the murder of the officers.
http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Haymarket+Riot
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/haymarket/riotscene.jpg -
Interstate Commerce Act
The Interstate Commerce Act created the Interstate Commerce Commision which supervised the constructing of railroads. The Farmer's Grange were the cause of this because after the Credit Mobilier scandal they wanted to end corruption in the railroad industry by demanding the government's regulation in railroad construction.
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h743.html
http://5hrenlightenmentandrevolution.wikispaces.com/file/view/Railroad.jpg/297076760/Railroad.jpg -
Sherman Antitrust Act
The Sherman Antitrust Act made it so all monopolies and trusts that interfere with intercontinental trade are illegal, although it was a difficult policy to enforce.
http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=51
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Homestead Strike
When Andrew Carnegie's steel workers went on strike because their wages were cut, his steel factory in Homestead, Pennsylvania closed, causing mass outrage from the workers. A private army hired by the factory owner, Henry Frick, were sent to remove the protesters from around the factory. Shots were fired from both sides and Frick's army surrendered. The government then sent out a real army to remove the workers and ended up killing around 160 workers and sent the rest away from the factory. -
Pullman Strike
George Pullman provided a town for his railroad factory workers with clean high quality housing and facilities. When he lowered his employees pay but not the rent, his workers went on strike which set back all railroad traffic and made a bold statement for unions.
http://encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1029.html
http://laborcosting.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Striking-Workers.png -
Mother Jones
Mother Jones was a fearless and inspirational fighter for workers rights and organizer for Mine Workers. She involved African Americans, women, and children in her strikes which was unusual for that time period.
http://www.aflcio.org/About/Our-History/Key-People-in-Labor-History/Mother-Jones-1837-1930
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Henry Ford
Henry Ford, founder of Ford Motor Company, invented the assembly line and Model T automobile. This revolutionized the manufacturing industry and our means of transportation.
http://inventors.about.com/od/fstartinventors/a/HenryFord.htm
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Wright Brothers Airplane
Orville and Wilbur Wright constructed the first successful airplane in 1903 after many failed attempts by others. The invention of the airplane completely ratified the way we travel.
http://inventors.about.com/od/fstartinventions/a/Airplane.htm
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Lochner v. NY Decision
Lochner, a baker, was twice convicted of violating maximum working hours and the case was sent to Supreme Court. It was ruled that since baking is not hazardous to ones health, there should not be a regulation on how many hours one wishes to work because it prevents people from providing for their families.
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/capitalism/landmark_lochner.html
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Eugene Debs
Eugene Debs was a powerful leader of the labor movements and fought for the working class. He spoke for the Socialist Party and ran for president many of times but never won. He did most successful running against Woodrow Wilson in 1912 receiving 6 percent of votes. After an unsuccessful 4 attempts to run for president he ran for Indiana Congress and received a seat.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/wilson/peopleevents/p_debs.html
http://debsfoundation.org/images/personalhistory1.jpg
