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Period: to
Industerial revolution
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Invention of the Seed Drill
Jethro Tull invented the Seed Drill in 1701, the machine can be pulled behind a horse or cattle. The machine consists of a 4 wheeled vehicle that containing a box filled with grain. The grains would fall onto a ratchet and then spread evenly onto the ground as the Seed Drill was pulled across the field. -
Creation of the Flying Shuttle
The Flying Shuttle as invented by John Kay. The device consist of a wheeled shuttle that replaces the hand loom. With the weft passing through the warp threads faster and a greater width, the process of weaving was accelerated greatly. The device was called the flying shuttle by workers because of its fast and continuous speed. -
Spinning Jenny
The spinning jenny was invented by James Hargreaves. It tremendously increased the productivity and the quality of the yarn produced while reducing the amount of work required. -
First water Frame
Richard Arkwright invented the water frame with the help of John Kay, a clockmaker. The maching was able to produced a strong twist for warps, this made inexpensive yarns to manufacture cheap calicoes possible. -
Captain James Cook Arrive in Australia
Captain James Cook arrived the south-eastern coast of Australia on 19 April 1770 on his first voyage. He was the first recorded Europeans to have encountered Australia's eastern coastline. 10 days later Cook and his crew made their first landfall on the mainland at Kurnell Peninsula, there Cook made the first contact with an Aboriginal tribe known as the Gweagal. -
First Successful Steamboat
The first successful steamboat was built in France by Marquis Claude de Jouffroy and his colleagues. The boad was 12 metres long and was equiped with rotational paddles. the boat was named the Palmipède. The ship sailed on the Doubs river in 1776 and was the first steamboat to sail successfully, earlier attemps of William Henry of Lancaster's steamboat sank. -
Watt's first steam engine
Watt invented a new steam engine that is much more effcient than the old engine invented by Thomas Newcomen in 1712. It was expensive to replace the old steam engines so it is used to replace most natural power sources such as wind and water. -
First steam powered cotten mill
Crompton invents the first steam powered cotten mill by combines Hargreaves' and Arkwright's machines, creating a fully automatic weaving process. -
The Spinning Mule
William Horrocks created the spinning Mule by combining the moving carriage of the spinning jenny with the rollers of the water frame. With more control of the weaving process, many different types of yarn could be produced. The name of the device came from the combination of spinning jenny and water frame as mule is the hybrid of horse and donkey. -
Power Loom first built
Edmund Cartwright built the first power loom in 1785, It was a steam powered, mechanically-operated loom that was more effcient. As weaving became easer women replaced most men as weavers in the textile factories. The design kept on being refined until it was made completely automatic by Kenworthy and Bullough. -
First Fleet from England to Australia
The first fleet to Australia on 13th May, 1787 from Portsmouth, England. The fleet consists of 11 ships was led by Captain Arthur Philip, two of them were naval ships, six were convict ships and three were storeships for suply. The ships sailed for 252 days and 24,140 kilometres to Botany Bay, then moved north to Port Jackson. -
First Gas lighting
William Murdoch invented gas lighting by lighting his own house up with coal gas. A few years later he lit up the main building of the Soho Foundry in a public display of gas lighting, One of the employee Samuel Clegg left his job to set up his own gas lighting business. -
Eli Whitney creates the cotton gin
Eli Whitney creates the cotton gin, a machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, contributing to the mass production of cotton. The undamaged seeds from the machine may be used to grow more cotton or to produce cottonseed oil. Rather than having workers seprating the cotton seeds a single worker with a cotton gin can achieve the same efficiency. -
The first Steam Locomotive
Robert Trevithick demonstrates the first steam locomotive to the public in 1801. The steam locomotive made a journey of 16 kilometers in the time span of 4 hours while carring 10 tons of iron, 5 wagons and 70 men. Its average speed for the journey was about 4 km/h. Unfortunate ly it suffered mechanical failures after its short trip -
First Passenger Railway
The First fare-paying, passenger railway service in the world was established in 1807, on the Oystermouth Railway in Swansea, Wales. Later this rail way was called the Swansea and Mumbles Railway. The orginal purpose for the rail was to transport coal, iron-ore and limestone. The railway service was first successful, then in the mid-1820s the construction of a turnpike road parallel to the railway robbed much of its traffic and the passenger service. -
Luddite riots
Luddite riots was always happening during the Industrial revolution, 1811-1814 was the worst. fearing of being replaced by machines, the laborers attack factories and break up the machines. -
Electro-Magnetic Rotation
Michael Faraday demonstrates electro-magnetic rotation by showing a bar of magnit would ratate around a wire that carries current. The inverse effect which a current carring wire would rotate around a amgnetic pole was also demonstrated. This was the principle of design in the electric motor. -
Invention of Modern Portland Cement
The Portland Cement is the dominant cement used even in modern day. It was invented by an English inventor, Joseph Aspdin. The new cement was created by buring chrushed limestone and clay together, changing the chemical properties of the materials. The Portland Cement is much stronger than the traditional cement which is plaincrushed limestone. -
First Regular Commercial Rail Service
The Liverpool and Manchester Railway in England begins the first regular commercial rail service, which all the trains were timetabled and ticketed. The intire line was 56 kilometres long and include 2,057 metre Wapping Tunnel beneath Liverpool, and a nine arch viaduct each 5.2 meters over the Sankey Brook. -
Discovers Electro-magnetic Current
Faraday discovers electro-magnetic current, where votage is produced across a conductor when it is exposed to a changing magnetic field; in Faraday's case it was a magnet spinning around an wire. Faraday's discovery of electro-magnetic current madegenerators and electric engines possible. -
Factory Acts
The Factory Acts were acts aproved by the British parliament that limits the number of working hours of women and children, the act first only limited textile industry, then later in all industries. Before the act workers had to work 12 to 14 hours to in poor working conditions that include extremely dustly air with poor ventilation and damgerous working areas. -
The Creation of Morse Code
Morse code was created in 1837 by Samuel F. B. Morse (1791-1872) as the code is named after him. Morse code can be transmitted through sound or light and even electric currents, it was used in the telegraph machines and also in emergency when there is no other form of communication available. Later the Morse Code was inproved to include symbols and languages not written with the Latin alphabet. -
The Myall Creek Massacre
The Australian settlers were debating for land from the Aboriginals. During these time gangs of stockmen and usually escalated low-level clashes to the massacres of Aboriginal people. The Myall Creek Massacre involves stockmen brutally sluaghter about 28 Aboriginal men, women and chilrden. Out of duzens that happened before this was the first which some of the killers were hanged. -
Samuel Morse invents the telegraph
In 1843, Samuel Morse invents the telegraph, a system of machinery and wires that allows messages to be sent quickly over a wire. The system works by converting to message into a sequence of electric current and sents it through a wire, the machine at the other end receives the current and convert it back. The first telegraph message "What hath God wrought" was sent from Washington to Baltimore in 1844. -
Completion First Subaqueous Tunnel
The first subaqueous tunnel under a large river was finished in 1843 under the Thames river. The tunnel was 11 metres wide by 6 metres high and 396 metres long, 23 metres under the river's surface. The tunnel uses Thomas Cochrane and Marc Isambard Brunel's new tunnel shielding technique. The technique was to use cast iron or steel to protect the structure while the concrete dry. -
First Safe Modern Elevator
The first elevator that include a safety mechanism and similar to one type still used today was invented by Elisha Otis in 1852. Its safety mechanism was a set of knurled roller that locks firmly onto the glide of the elevator shaft when descend at excessive speed. His first passenger elevator was installed at 488 Broadway in New York City in March 23, 1857. -
Alfred Nobel's dynamite
Alfred Nobe invented and patented dynamite in 1867, it was the first safely manageable explosive stronger than gun powder. The dynamite was originally sold as "Nobel's Blasting Powder". Shortly after it was invented, dynamite rapidly gained wide-scale use. It replaced the Nitroglycerin explosive for safety reasons as it was extremely shock-sensitive and become more unstable over time. -
Remington's typewriter
The Remington's typewriter was in vented by Eliphalet Remington II in 1867. it was the first device that allowed the operator to type significently faster than writing by hand. The patent was sold for $12,000 and was commercialize as the Sholes and Glidden Type-Writer. The production of the first typewriter starated on March 1, 1873 in Ilion, New York. -
First Modern Automobile
The first mosern automobile was invented by Karl Benz, it was a three wheeled motorwagen that usesinternal combustion engine, built and patented in 1885 in Mannheim, Germany. After selling 25 Benz vehicles, a new four-wheeler was introduced along with a model intended for affordability; the automobile was fitted with a four-stroke engines of his own design. -
Completion of the Eiffel Tower
The Eiffel tower finished its main constraction 31st March 1889, it was the world's tallest structure until 1930. The tower was designed by the by two senior engineers Maurice Koechlin and Émile Nouguier. It was designed for the 1889 Exposition Universelle, a World's Fair which would celebrate the centennial of the French Revolution.
