-
1500
1500's: European Settlers
. French
. British
. Fur Trade
. Eastern "Canada"
. Death by disease
. First Nations -
Period: 1500 to
Fur Trade (Hudson's Bay Company)
-
Period: to
1756-1763: Seven Years War
British vs. French to claim the North American Land
. Both had First Nations in their army -
1763: Royal Proclamation
The Royal Proclamation was initially issued by King George III in 1763 to officially claim British territory in North America after Britain won the Seven Years War. In the Royal Proclamation, ownership over North America is issued to King George. -
1800's: Destruction of the Bison
European settlers killed bison for food and to supply for the fur trade and declined the bison population from 30 million to 1000. -
1830's: Reserve System
Becuase of lack of "applicable" land, the government took the Indigenous people and put them on their own land. This land that was given to them was very bad and had very little resources. -
1831: Mohawk Residential School
The Mohawk Institute Residential School was a Canadian Indian residential school in Brantford, Ontario, Canada. -
1857: Gradual Civilization Act
This act was created as an attempt to turn First Nations children into Canadians and make them forget about their culture and relegion. -
1867: Confederation
The year Canada was created. -
1869: Gradual Enfranchisement Act
Another attempt to turn First Nations into Canadians. -
Period: to
1871-1921: Numbered Treaties
11 treaties for each specific area the Indigenous People resided in. It was an agreement between Indigenous People and Canadian. The treaties promised land, cash payments, tools for hunting and fishing for Indigenous people. -
1876-present day: Indian Act
The Indian act was created in 1876 to recognize the first nations living in Canada. The act is a Canadian act of parliament that covers registered Indians, their bands, and the system of Indian reserves. Control over aboriginals had been a British responsibility, which was then passed to Canada. Once the fur trade ended, aboriginal peoples had no role to play, and they became a barrier to government plans for the settlement of western Canada. -
1892: Agreement Between Government and Churches
Agreement between the government and churches for churches to run residential shcools. -
1907: Dr. Bryce
Dr. Bryce was one of the doctors responsible for checking over residential schools. He saw that the children were treated horribly and wrote about this to the government, but, the goverment did not do anything about the issue. -
1920: Residential Schools Become Mandatory
Residental schools become mandatory for First Nation children up to the age of 16. -
Period: to
1939-1945: World War II
Indigenous people were soldiers for Canada. -
1951: Residential Schools for Inuits
Upon discovering the Inuits in northern Canada, the government created residental schools for Inuit children aswell. -
1952: Canada Doesn't Sign UN Contract
Canada does not sign the UN's contract because the contract prohibited cultural genocide in the country which Canada already violated. -
1960: Indigenous People Get the Right to Vote
Indigenous people get the right to vote. -
1960's: Civil Right Movements
Becuase of civil right movements, some residentail schools start closing. -
60's Scoop
Indigenous children are taken away from their family and put into foster homes for them to be adopted by Canadian families. -
1969: White Paper
The "White Paper" is created by the prime minister at the time, Pierre Elliot Trudeau. The "White Paper" was created to abolish all previous legal documents pertaining to Indigenous peoples in Canada. -
1970: Red Paper
The Red Paper was created by Indigenous people as a response to the White Paper. The Red Paper stated that all treaties and agreements between the government and the Indigenous people stay present and that Indigenous people would stay independent from the government. They make their own government, health care, education, etc. -
Period: to
1986-1994: Churches Apologize for Residential Schools
Between this time period, churches, all except Catholic churches, apologize for residential schools. -
1991: Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP) Is Established
The RCAP was created to investigate and propose solutions to the challenges affecting the relationship between Aboriginal peoples (First Nations, Inuit, Métis), the Canadian government and Canadian society as a whole. -
1996: RCAP Releases Report
The RCAP releases a report on solutions to restructure relationships between Indigenous people and the Canadain government. They also closed the last residentail schools. -
1999: Creation of Nunavut
Nunavut is created to give land to Inuits. -
2005: Lawsuit is Filed by Residential School Survivors
Residential school survivours filed a law suit agaisnt the Canadian government. -
2006: The Lawsuit is Settled
A year after the lawsuit was filed, the lawsuit is settled. -
2007: Truth and Reconciliation Commission
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission is created by Indeignous people. -
2008: Stephen Harper "Apologizes"
In 2008, former Prime Minister, Stephen Harper, "apologizes" (just for the sake of it) to Indenous people and familes for who poorly they were treated over the many, many years. -
2015: The TRC Releases a Report
The TRC releases a final report summarizing everything that has happened to Indigenous people. In this report, they also included 94 things that the government should do for Indigenous people. So far, the government has only did three. -
2017: Settlement for 60's Scoop Survivors
A lawsuit was filed towards the Canadian by the survivors of the 1960's scoop. -
2018: Justin Trudeau Announces a "Framework" for Working with Indigenous People
Canada's current Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, announces that the government will be releasing a framework on working with Indigenous People, however, no detail on the framework was given.
