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Jan 1, 1070
Great Serpent Mound. Adams County, southern Ohio. Mississippian (Eastern Woodlands). c. 1070 C.E. Earthwork/effigy mound
The Great Serpent Mound is a Mississippian tribe effigy mound found near a winding creak in southern Ohio. Unlike most effigy mounds, it contains no references to any burials or temples, but the Great Serpent is a significant symbol of the earth and crop fertility in Mississippian culture. Due to the lack of burials, some historians have suggested it is a response to Haley's Comet (observed in 1066). Eric Ewing - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=29151947 -
Jan 1, 1540
City of Machu Picchu. Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1450-1540 C.E. Granite (architectural complex).
Machu Picchu demonstrates the Inka's engineering and architectural prowess, evident through the use of precisely shaped and fitted stones as building blocks. The city's location and excellent defense construction were crucial in preserving a completed archaeological site. The Inka's use of large cut stone and crop supporting terraces integrate the city harmoniously into the mountain range. Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8450312 -
Bandolier bag. Lenape (Delaware tribe, Eastern Woodlands). c. 1850 C.E. Beadwork on leather.
Modeled after soldiers' rifle cartridge bags, this excellent piece of beadwork serves as a symbol of status and honor among the tribe of its creation. Because of this symbolic purpose, many of these "bags" actually had no pockets and were often worn like aprons. The beautiful floral design is typical of tribes living among the Great Lakes.
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/indigenous-americas/a/bandolier-bag -
Attributed to Cotsiogo, Hide painting of the Sun Dance, c. 1890–1900, Eastern Shoshone, elk hide and pigment, approximately. 81 x 78 inches
Painted pictographs had been a crucial part of the culture of Great Plains Indians. This is evident by the scattering of geometric and figural designs among rock formations and hides. Cadzi Cody here combines his native cultural identity and outsider interest in a cobination of historical and contemporary native life, depicting the hunting of extinct buffalo with outdated bow and arrow, as well as the Sun Dance that was outlawed at the time by the US government.
[see cites for IS] -
Black-on-black ceramic vessel. Maria Martínez and Julian Martínez, Tewa, Puebloan, San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico. c. 1939 C.E. Blackware ceramic.
The Martinez matte-black on polished-black olla is the result of experimenting with the given customs and materials of traditional Pueblo pottery (and a bit of manure). Maria's status as a master of traditional Pueblo ceramist is complimented by Julian's abstract decoration, which itself was inspired by aged pictographs. The work's appeal to the contemporary Art Deco scene brought both the traditional Pueblo Indian style and a simple utilitarian to the level of high art,
see Works Cited for IS -
Cited Sources
Kleiner, Fred S. Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History. 15th ed. Boston: Cengage, 2016. 2017. Web.
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/indigenous-americas/a/puebloan-maria-martinez-black-on-black-ceramic-vessel
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/indigenous-americas/a/eastern-shoshone-hide-painting-of-the-sun-dance-attributed-to-cotsiogo-cadzi-cody
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/indigenous-americas/a/bandolier-bag
