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1464
George de Bohéme : attempt to secure peace with Rome
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1492
Reconquista
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1529
Siege of Vienna
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French revolution
Napoleon's expansion : spreading ideas and institutions = breeding ground for natioalist movments -
Holy alliance
Europe on a christian basis under leaderhsip of old legitimate rulers including Russia in Europe -
Europe of the liberals
Demand for Democracy and social reforms, Europe as a federation of nations, excluding Russia -
Rise of nationalism 1848-1914
1860: Italian unification
1871: German unification
Growing competition between the European states (colonies) -
United stated of Europe by Victor Hugo
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Franco-Prussian war 1870-71
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German unification
petite Allemagne: Sans l'empire de l'Autriche
Grande Allemagne: dominance de l'autriche -
Balkan wars 1912-1913
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WW1 1914-18
Gagnée par la triple entente (FR, UK, RU) = assassination archduke Franz Ferdinand = Austria-Hungary against Serbia -
MittleEuropa- Friederich Naumann
Central Europe under German leaderhsip- Economy would be driving force for integration- central european common market -
Russian revolution
- URSS BORN
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Woodrow Wilson's 14 points
Versailles peace conference -
Pan-Europa _ Coudenhov Kalergi
Union des états-Europeen after WW1 -
Astride Briand : Memorandum for a confederal European Union
The establishment of European Union to coordinate economic and political policies = idea of a permanent political committed -
WW2 1939-45
opposés les alliés et les puissances de l'axe -
Franco-British UNION
planned by Monnet -
Belgium in Exile 1940-44
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Resistance movement - Spinelli
Ventotene manifesto; federal Europe -
Monetary convention
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Resistance movement - Geneva declaration
Geneva declration of European resistance -
Customs union convention
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Yalta conference- Cold war
UK, US, URSS = partage de Berlin et de l'Allemagne en 4 zones d'occupation -
European movements- Congress of Europe in the Hague
premier fondement du federalisme europeen = unionists vs federalists
discuss about the futur of council of Europe, -
Berlin Blockade
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NATO
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QMV in council 1958-73
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Fouchet plan for political union
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Empty chair crisis 1965-66