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First school in America
Boston Latin School, founded by Rev. John Cotton, is one of the oldest public school in America. Latin and Greek were taught here -
Johann Amos Comenius
- He wrote The World in Pictures, which is one of the first books with illustrations included. This book helped students have more simplified understanding of vocabulary and examples. He also advocated the creation of a universal college.
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John Locke
- While he wrote letters to a friend, those letters evolved into Some Thoughts Concerning Education. He believed that play is very important part of education. John Locke also believed that children should not be bombarded with serious work, because their brains will not be able to handle this.
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Jean Jacques Rousseau
Emile, was published during this time period, and this book emphasized his views on education. He believed that children should learn from nature and not be forced to do things. He divided the growth of children into 3 section.
1. 0-12 children have no idea what is going on around them
2. 12-16 they start to develop
3. 16- children’s minds develop into adults. -
Johann Pestalozzi
He conducted a residential and teacher training school. Johann believed that children need emotional security to have a successful learning experience. -
Robert Owen
Opened the first British and probably globally infant school in New Lanark, Scottland -
Friedrich Froebel
Established an early childhood school, called “kindergarten” for three and four year old children. This was designed so that children can grow on their own with exploring through play, songs, storied, and activities. -
Elizabeth Palmer Peabody
Introduced Froebel’s idea of kindergarten in Boston, where she continued until 1867 -
John Dewey
The School and Society, a book that was written to let us know that he believes that for a child to learn, you would have to let them roam freely, in and out of classroom to find their interests. -
G. Stanley Hall
Published Adolescence: Its Psychology and Its Relations to Physiology, Anthropology, Sex, Crime, Religion, and Education. He believed that in depth education only begins in teenage years, when the child is ready to deal with what the world has to offer. -
Sigmund Freud
Developed a model of the mind, where it showed the features of the minds function and structure. -
Maria Montessori
Opened the first Montessori school, Children’s House, in Rome. At first the children at the school were not interested in the activities, but soon they got use to working with puzzles, making their own meals, and sorting things that were held in math. She observed that children gain their knowledge from what is around them -
Caroline Pratt
Conducted a two-month long experiment with young children, in this experiment she let children use materials like unit blocks to let the child’s imagination be produced with toys. -
Lucy Sprague Mitchell
Founded the Bank Street College of Education. Believed that going outside or going on field trips will help with learning from the environment -
Arnold Gesell
Believed that children go through the same growth process, but they go through that process at different paces -
Lev Vygotsky
Known for the work of the social development theory, it became the foundation of many other researchers, who study the cognitive development of people. -
Jean Piaget
First psychologist to form the stages of a child’s cognitive development, which included four stages; sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete, and formal. -
B.F. Skinner
Creating the term operant conditioning, she believed that children should have reinforces to change his/ her behavior, weather is be it a neutral operant, which neither increases or decreases of it being repeated again, a reinforcers, which can be positive or negative, or a punisher. -
Erik Erikson
He put forward a psychoanalytic theory of psychosocial development, which included eight stages, from being an infant to adulthood. These stages included what the person might go through, which can be positive or negative. -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Oliver Brown, an African America was denied access to an all white school, and they were tired of segregated school, which caused them to go to court. And the conclusion was “separate but equal” -
Albert Bandura
With his social learning theory he believed that it is important for children to be observant. He is also famous for the Bobo Doll study, which is a study on where an adult beat up a doll and shouting wrods, and after words children were able to play in the area where there was a Bobo Doll, and for the children who watch the film imitated what the adult did -
Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Made sure that children’s with disabilities had equal education as children without a disability -
No Child Left Behind
Passed by congress in 2001, this act assured that every student has to have the basic skills that are taught in school.
