-
1497
John Cabot
John Cabot arrived in Newfoundland with the intention of finding the Northwest Passage. He did not find the passage, instead, he found large supplies of codfish. The large amounts of codfish brought fishermen from Europe to Newfoundland. Picture: Bristol.fandom.com -
Samuel De Champlain
Champlain sets off to Canada with the intention of establishing a permanent trading post. He sets up his first settlement in Quebec. Despite the land being underpopulated, Champlain found that there was a large supply of natural resources that could supply people with a good lifestyle. There were plenty of timber, fish, minerals, fertile soil and fur. He travelled across the Atlantic Ocean 20 times before he could successfully promote his vision for a colony. Picture: Britannica.com -
Jesuits
Also known as The Black Robes, were sent to New France in 1625 by Samuel De Champlain with the intent of converting Indigenous peoples to Christianity. The Jesuits carried diseases that the Indigenous Peoples of New France had not been exposed to, these diseases wiped out 80% of the Indigenous population. 1625-1728 Picture: Americanmagazine.org -
Les Filles de Roi
Approximately 100 women of French descent were sent to New France with a new program to boost their population. To ensure population growth in New France, families were paid compensation for the number of children they had. 1663-1673 Picture: Partimoine-culturel.gouv.qc.ca -
The Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad, a system of secret routes and safe houses to aid the immigration of American slaves over the Canadian border. Harriet Tubman leads approximately 100,000+ slaves to safety. 1700-1860 Picture: Torontopubliclibrary.typepad.com -
The Seven Years War
Also known as 'The French and Indian War', was driven by rivalry between the French and British. The war occurred globally; it was fought in Europe, Continental U.S., The Caribbean Sea, Africa, and India. James Wolfe led the British army into battle against the French Army. At the time, North America was under French rule. The British defeated the French in battle, ending their reign over North America. 1756-1763 Picture: Thoughtco.com -
German Settlement
Germans began migrating to Canada because there were more trade specified job opportunities, such as mining and construction. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_immigration_to_Canada#Indian_Immigration_and_Continuous_Journey_Regulation_of_1908) 1776-1914 Picture: rcinet,ca -
Loyalists
Loyalists are British immigrants. Loyalists were declared enemies during the American Revolution. Approximately 100,00 Loyalists were made refugees(someone who has been forced to leave the country). 1783-1784 Picture: live-news24.com -
The Great Migration
After the war, Britain's population was growing rapidly and people were being forced off their land. This drove more than 8000,000 immigrants to come to Canada between 1815 and 1850(https://web.archive.org/web/20081103061255/http://www.xtimeline.com/timeline/Events-leading-up-to-Canadian-Confederacy/1815-1850-The-Great-Migration-1) 1815-1850 Picture: Sutori.com -
Famine
Potato crop failures across Ireland cause mass famine during the 1840s. Many Irish people immigrated because of the disease that spread following the start of the famine. They came to Canada. Picture: James Mahony, commissioned by The Illustrated London News, 1847 -
Cheap Labour, Post Confederation
Macedonian, Russian, Finns, and Chinese were allowed into Canada to satisfy the need for cheap labour in factories and construction work. Canadians had the preconceptions that immigrant workers would be seasonal, but they were here to stay. Immigrants started moving their families over once they had secured a job. (https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/immigration) 1880-1914 Picture: Thecanadianencyclopedia.ca -
The Canadian Pacific Railway
Chinese peoples were hired to come to Canada to help build the Canadian Pacific Railway. The increased amount of Chinese immigrants was more than the government wanted at the time and thus the chances head tax was imposed. $100 a head enters fee into Canada for Chinese immigrants to discourage immigration after the Canadian Pacific Railway was completed. This had a devastating effect on Chinese communities in Canada.
1880-1885 Picture: Thecanadianencyclopedia.ca -
Farming, Post Confederation
Farmland in both Great Britain and Ukraine was small and consisted of high taxes. The price of grain was also rising. Farmland was very available in Canada and drew in farmers from Ukraine and Great Britain. Canada also offered 160 acres of free land to encourage immigration. 1880-1914 Picture: Opentextbc.ca -
Settlements Along the Great Lakes
After the Canadian Pacific Railway was built and the second Rail Rebellion had ended, Minister of the Interior, Clifford Sifton, launched a settlement program with advertising in Britain and continental Europe to increase immigration to settlements on the Great Lakes.(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_immigration_to_Canada#Indian_Immigration_and_Continuous_Journey_Regulation_of_1908) Picture: Historymuseum.ca -
Pre World War 1
immigration for continental Europe increased before World War 1. Over 400,00 immigrants arrived in Canada in 1912. it is believed to be due to economic growth, but there has not been enough research by historians to finalize anything. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_immigration_to_Canada#Indian_Immigration_and_Continuous_Journey_Regulation_of_1908) (http://englishemigrationtocanada.blogspot.com) 1911-1913 Picture: WWW150.statcan.gc.ca
