-
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1956
John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester and Claude Shannon coined the term artificial intelligence in a proposal for a workshop widely recognized as a founding event in the AI field. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1950
Alan Turing published "Computing Machinery and Intelligence," introducing the Turing test and opening the doors to what would be known as AI. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
beginning of artificial intelligence
-
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1951
Marvin Minsky and Dean Edmonds developed the first artificial neural network (ANN) called SNARC using 3,000 vacuum tubes to simulate a network of 40 neurons. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1952
Arthur Samuel developed Samuel Checkers-Playing Program, the world's first program to play games that was self-learning. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1958
Frank Rosenblatt developed the perceptron, an early ANN that could learn from data and became the foundation for modern neural networks. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1959
Arthur Samuel coined the term machine learning in a seminal paper explaining that the computer could be programmed to outplay its programmer. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1964
Daniel Bobrow developed STUDENT, an early natural language processing (NLP) program designed to solve algebra word problems, while he was a doctoral candidate at MIT. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1968
Terry Winograd created SHRDLU, the first multimodal AI that could manipulate and reason out a world of blocks according to instructions from a user. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1965
Edward Feigenbaum, Bruce G. Buchanan, Joshua Lederberg and Carl Djerassi developed the first expert system, Dendral, which assisted organic chemists in identifying unknown organic molecules. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1966
Joseph Weizenbaum created Eliza, one of the more celebrated computer programs of all time, capable of engaging in conversations with humans and making them believe the software had humanlike emotions. -
Period: 2024 BCE to 2024 BCE
1969
Arthur Bryson and Yu-Chi Ho described a backpropagation learning algorithm to enable multilayer ANNs, an advancement over the perceptron and a foundation for deep learning.