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539 BCE
Cyrus the Great
In 539 B.C., the armies of Cyrus the Great, the first king of ancient Persia, conquered the city of Babylon. He freed the slaves, declared that all people had the right to choose their own religion, established racial equality, etc. These decrees were recorded on a baked-clay cylinder in the Akkadian language with cuneiform script (World’s first charter of human rights).