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Changes in demand - car ownership
Car allows a certain freedom of movement, that other means of transport do not. Another private benefit car owners enjoy, is comfort. The car allows the transportation of the driver from point A to B. With more people in the UK owning cars, it means that there are more opportunities for travelling. -
Environmental Versions - protest camps
Protest camps are physical camps that are set up by activists, to either provide a base for protest, or to delay, obstruct or prevent the focus of their protest by physically blocking it with the camp. The use of protest camps can be linked back to the US civil rights movement of the 1960s -
Environmental Versions - Noise pollution
Surface transport for example, cars, trains, busses etc are responsible for around a quarter of UK emissions. Although the air quality in the UK is improving there is still more to be improved. In towns and cities cars and busses are responsible for the local pollution and noise pollution. -
Changes in demand - income
More people are now always wanting to go on holiday. This is because holidays are now so easy and popular. Due to different airlines like Ryanair, Easy jet. It has made it cheaper to visit holidays. -
Environmental - Airport expansions
There are 7 airports in the UK who are currently expanding or planning to be expanded they are Leeds, Luton, Bristol, Southampton, Heathrow, Stansted and Manston. In 2020 the government said there should be no net of expansion of UK airports unless they are on track to outperform the nets emission. -
Product/ service innovation - channel tunnel
The channel tunnel is the biggest engineering projects ever in the UK. It took more than 5 years to complete, they had more than 13,000 workers from England and France. It is named one of the seven wonders of the world. Its the longest tunnel in the world. Its an undersea channel linking southern England and northern France. It is run by the company Getlink, who also run a railway shuttle (Le Shuttle) between Folkestone and Calais, carrying passengers in cars, vans and other vehicles. -
political and legal changes - privatisation
The privatisation of British Rail was the process by which ownership and operation of the railways of Great Britain passed from government control into private hands. It was under Thatcher's successor John Major that the railways themselves were privatised, using the Railways Act 1993. -
Political and legal changes - taxes
Airport tax is for passengers passing through an airport. The tax is generally imposed for the use of the airport. It was introduced in 1994 and was made to make money. It also has some environmental impacts for example, it stops some people wanting to travel. -
Product/ service innovation - low cost airlines
Ryanair was set up by the Ryan family with a share of £1, they only have 25 employees. They launched their first route in July with flights daily with a 15-seater aircraft. Operating daily from Waterford in the southeast of Ireland to London Gatwick. EasyJet opens its first headquarters called Easy Land in Luton. then on the 23rd of October, easyJet makes its first ever booking at the telephone reservation centre. -
Technology - online check-in
Alaska Airlines was the first to offer online check-in. The system was first offered on a limited basis starting in the second quarter of 1999, and was available to the general public on selected flights the following quarter. Since then, a growing number of airlines have introduced the system. -
Changes in demand - commuting
More people are now commuting. Most people now travel by car however, other modes of transport like trains, air and water are becoming popular also. Technology has also made commuting easier as people will use their phones to do work or be on a phone call at anytime. -
Political and legal changes - congestion charge
The scheme is monitored by cameras on roads across the congestion charge zone. These read car number plates and cross-reference them against a register of cars that have paid the charge. -
Technology - smart motorways
The very first smart motorway was implemented on the M42 east of Birmingham back in 2006. This pilot programme examined the effects of using monitoring technology to manage and enhance traffic flow efficiency, instead of committing to road widening construction programmes. -
Changes in demand - customer lifestyle
More people want to have leisure time, this has become more popular because of paid holiday entitlement. The UK have bank holidays as well as annual leave. Many parents have holiday entitlement and will take their children on holidays when children are off school. -
Environmental Versions - widening of motorways
Road widening lengthens commutes, increases household costs, worsens pollution, harms the economy, and, let us not forget, kills and injures millions of people globally every year. Transportation departments and politicians had the evidence decades ago and many continue to ignore it to this day.
