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Jun 18, 1155
Frederick I
Frederick I planned to get his chief revenues from Italy. He considered Italy the center of a "holy empire," as he called it—hence the name Holy Roman Empire. Frederick's attempt to conquer northern Italy led to severe problems. -
Nov 22, 1220
Fredrick II
establish a strong, centralized state in Italy
struggled with popes
war in north italy -
Otto I
crowned emporor of the Romans
protected the pope