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The treaty
Treaty of Versailles -
Hyperinflation
Dec, 1920- 2.37
Dec, 1921- 3.90
Dec, 1922-163.15
Jan, 1923- 250
Apr, 1923- 3,474
Jul, 1923- 3,465
Aug, 1923- 69,000
Sep, 1923- 1.512 million
Oct 1923- 1.743 billion
Nov, 1923- 201 billion
Dec 1923- 399 billion -
Beerhall Putsch
Hitler attempts to overthrow the German government -
Period: to
Republic style
The president was a popular war hero named Hindenburg -
How Hitler gained support and worked his way up to Chancellor
Eliminated political rivals to be head of Nazis
Rose popularity of Nazis forces Hindenburg to give him some power -
Reichstag
Hitler blames communists for the fire -
Enabling act of March
Within a few months all other political parties besides the Nazis were eliminated which allowed Hitler to get rid of all his rivals
At this time we see an official boycott of Jewish business as well -
First Concentration Camp Setup
They're not death camps - they're work camps. Early on the camps were for imprisonment and hard labor, not killing -
Dachau
Grounds of an abandoned munitions factory near the town of Dachau -
Nuremberg Laws
Nazis needed a way to identify Jew so they could discriminate them
Nuremberg Laws defined people with 3 or 4 Jewish grandparents as "Jewish" and 1 or 2 as "Mixed Blood" -
Appeasement
German Army moves into Austria and Germany annexes Czechoslovakia
To avoid war, other countries let them do it -
Germany invades Poland
WWII begins, a World War will result in the destruction of the Jewish race in Europe -
Nazis begin rounding up millions of Jews and confining them to ghettos
Largest ghettos were in cities like Warsaw or Lodz in Poland -
Euthanasia Program begins
Systematic killing of those Germans whom the Nazis deemed "unworthy of life' because of mental illness or physical disability.
Eventually killed 80,000 people with disabilities will be killed -
Death camp
The first death camp opens at Chelmno in Central Poland
Vans with small gas chambers in the rear are used
At the same time, Zyklon B gas is first tested at the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp as a use for mass extermination
This would become the Nazis' "preferred method" for the Auschwitz Birkenau and Majdanek camps -
Period: to
Einsatzgruppen
As the army advanced into the Soviet Union, these groups would round up Jews from the newly occupied areas and kill them usually by shooting
Largest mass-killing by Einsatzgruppen on record was at Babi Yar in Ukraine. 33,000 people were killed in just under 2 days -
Wannse Conference
Nazi leaders to approve the "final solution" or plan to exterminate the Jews -
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
Residents smuggled weapons
Uprising lasted about a month
SS troops arrested and deported residents after the uprising ended -
Period: to
Camp Rebellions
Prisoners fought back at death camps
Treblinka 1943/Sobibor 1934
After stealing weapons from guards, prisoners tried to escape. Most were killed but a few dozen made it out and survived the war
Auschwitz- Birkenau 1944
Members of the Sonderkommando working in the Crematorium fought SS guards killing over 70, but all 250 as well as 200 others were killed in respose -
Death marches
Allie advancing towards death camps
Nazis Evacuate prisoners, march them into Germany to avoid capture
Brutal treatment and harsh conditions along the way -
Liberation of camps
Camps throughout Europe are liberated by allied forces -
The Ending
Hitler commits suicide (30) rather than face capture by the Soviet Red Army
Germany surrenders within a week ( -
Period: to
What now??
Nuremberg Trials; The allies and the international community put a number of Germans on trial fro war crimes, Crimes Against Peace and Crimes Against Humanity.