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Holocaust
It was a big fight between Hitler and Jews. Hitler, the Nazi's, and a bunch of other groups involved. -
In January 1933, Hitler is named Chancellor
How did Hitler gain support and worked his way up to Chancellor?
-eliminate political rivals to be head of Nazi's
-rising popularity of Nazis forces Hindenburg to give him some power. -
Reichstag's Fire of February 1933
-Hitler blames Communists for fire... -
1933: First Concentration Camps Set up, mostly for political prisoners
Early on, the camps were for imprisonment and hard labor, not for killing -
Enabling Act of March 1933
-Basically gives power of decision making to Hitler.
-Within a few months, all other political parties besides the Nazis were eliminated
-This allowed Hitler to get rid of all his rivals
-At this time, we see an OFFICIAL BOYCOTT OF JEWISH BUSINESS as well (timeline). -
Nuremberg Laws-1935
Nazis needed a way to identify Jews so they could discriminate them.
Nuremberg Laws defined people with 3 or 4 Jewish Grandparents as "Jewish" and 1 or 2 as "Mixed Blood"
-Denied Citizenship
-Forbade Jews from marrying non-Jews
-Cannot fly National Flag -
1938-German Army moves into Austria and Germany annexes CZECHOSLOVAKIA.
To avoid war, other countries let them do it. -
1939-Germany Invades Poland
A world war will result in the destruction of the Jewish race in Europe. -
1939-Nazis begin rounding up millions of Jews and confining them to Ghettos
Largest Ghettos were in cities like Warsaw or Lodz in Poland -
Euthanasia Program Begins
_Euthanasia- Systemic killing of those Germans whom the Nazis deemed "unworthy of life" because of mental illness or physical disability.
-Eventually, 80,000 people with disabilities will be killed. -
1941
First "Death Camp" opens at Chelmno (in Central Poland)...
Vans with small gas chambers in the rear are used. -
At about the same time, Zyklon B gas is first tested at the Auschwitz-Birkenstock camp as a use for mass extermination.
This would become the Nazis' "preferred method" for the Auschwitz- Birkenau and Majdanek camps. -
Wannsee Conference
-Nazi Leaders approve the "FINAL SOLUTION" or plan o EXTERMINATE THE JEWS -
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (1943)
-Residents smuggled weapons in
-Uprising lasted for about a month
-SS troops arrested and deported residents after the uprising ended. -
Prisoners fought back at death camps...Treblinka (Aug. 1943) Sobibor (Oct. 1943)
After stealing weapons from guards, prisoners tried to escape. Most were killed but a few dozen made it out and survived the war.
Auschwitz-Birkenau(1944)
Members of the Sonderkommando working in the Crematorium fought SS guards killing over 70, but all 250 as well as 200 others were killed in response. -
Free At Last
Camps throughout Europe are liberated by Allied forces. -
Nuremberg Trials (1946-47): The Allies and the...
International Community put a number of Germans on trial for War Crimes, Crimes Against Peace and Crimes Against Humanity.
