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Roanoke
Roanoke was a colony founded by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1585. This colony was the first settlement in the new world which was located on Roanoke Island. In 1587, 100 colonists were sent to settle here. They came here to search for gold, silver and discover a passage to the Pacific Ocean. John White left to bring more supplies back to the island and returned 3 years later but it was deserted.
Notes and https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/roanoke-colony-deserted -
Jamestown
Jamestown was established by the Virginia Company of London on the coast of Virginia. It was a charter colony led by John Smith. The colonist came and settled because they were in search of gold, silver, and a river route to the pacific. The colony settled along the coast of Virginia. The first winter they had was very harsh and only 38/150 settlers survived. The colony soon became successful in 1612 when they started growing a hugely profitable crop, tobacco.
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House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses was created when the first legislature of elected representatives was established in Jamestown. The House of Burgesses granted supplies and originated laws. They also decided on local laws and taxation. At first it was known as the General Assembly but it later became known as the House of Burgesses.
Notes and https://www.ushistory.org/us/2f.asp -
The Great Migration
John Winthrop led The Great Migration. The Great Migration was a time when Puritans left their homes due to religious persecution. Some Separatists traveled on the Mayflower to Plymouth Colony. The Puritans traveled to Massachusetts Bay Colony with a charter From King Charles I. The Massachusetts Bay Colony thrived and was very successful.
Notes and https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/ -
Mayflower/Plymouth/Mayflower Compact
The Mayflower took about 100 passengers and some Pilgrims and landed at Cape Cod. They settled in an abandoned Wampanoag village. They Mayflower Compact was created as a foundation for the government. This was the first form of self government in the colonies. It stated that decisions were to be made by majority of the colony's men. Plymouth Colony was aided by Squanto who helped grow corn and make a treaty. They celebrated their first harvest with a feast that became our thanksgiving.
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New York
New York Colony was settled by the Dutch in 1624. They came and settled here so they could have opportunities to trade with the local Native Americans. The area was known as New Netherlands to the dutch. The Dutch that had areas of land were able to rent it out to tenant farmers. The English later gained control over the colony and it was renamed New York.
Notes and https://www.history.com/topics/us-states/new-york -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
John Winthrop led about 1000 Puritans to settle in Massachusetts. A charter from King Charles I granted their travels to settle here. They did not agree with the church in England so they came here in hopes to purify the church and improve their religion. The laws that governed the colony were based off of the beliefs of the Puritan church. This colony became very influential and was very successful, becoming the largest New England Colony.
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Maryland
Maryland was founded by Lord Baltimore who received 100 million acres from King Charles I. He designated this land for persecuted Catholics to settle. Maryland was a proprietary colony, and ruled by the owner of the colony. Baltimore's son Cecil Calvert took over the colony after his father died. Protestants took advantage of his offer of 100 acres per couple and soon the land was overtaken by Protestants.
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Rhode Island
Rhode Island was founded by Roger Williams who was banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony. He founded Rhode Island so it could be a place where there was no religious persecution of christians. Because the government on ruled on civil things, this colony attracted many other dissenters.
Notes and https://www.britannica.com/place/Rhode-Island-state/History -
Connecticut
Connecticut was settled by Thomas Hooker and 100 other settlers in 1636. They passed to Fundamental Order of Connecticut as the basic government for the colony. This was the 1st written constitution in North America. Thomas Hooker, their leader, was a Puritan, and Connecticut was made as a place for more Puritans to settle.
Notes and https://www.ushistory.org/us/3f.asp -
Maryland Toleration Act
The Maryland Toleration Act granted religious freedom to all Christians in Maryland. It was made by Cecil Calvert, and passed by the assembly of the Maryland Colony. This act made it a crime to mock other believers, and profane Sunday by swearing, becoming drunk, or unnecessarily working. They could be punished with a fine or being whipped.
https://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1601-1700/maryland-toleration-act-11630122.html -
Carolina
Carolina was founded in 1663 by the supporters of King Charles II. Carolina had easy access to trade in the West Indies. This brought many people here so they could trade and grown cash crops like rice, indigo, and tobacco. Because people came here to grow these cash crops, the number of African slaves grew dramatically. Soon the settlers were outnumbered by slaves by 2:1. Carolina split into North and South Carolina in 1729 after it became a Royal Colony.
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Bacons Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon led an unauthorized militia group of indentured servants, slaves, and poor farmers to rise up and fight against Native American attacks. Berkeley refused to create a militia group to stop these Native Americans and this made Bacon very angry. Berkeley accused Bacon of being a rebel and committing treason. Bacon and his men destroyed Jamestown and burned it to the ground.
Notes and https://www.history.com/news/bacons-rebellion-jamestown-colonial-america -
Pennsylvania
William Penn received a charter from King Charles II for Pennsylvania. The colony was founded as a "Holy Experiment". Every male received 50 acres of land and the right to vote. Penn eventually became a Quaker, making Pennsylvania a colony for Quakers.
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Salem Witch Trials
The Salem Witch Trials started in 1692 in Salem Village. Some women claimed that they were possessed by demons. They said that these other women were using witchcraft. The trials started because when the word spread and caused hysteria. People were then sent to court and if they were convicted a witch, they were killed. Soon after the people calmed down they turned against the trials and the court annulled guilty verdicts.
Notes https://www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/salem-witch-trials -
Salutary Neglect
The Salutary Neglect was a period when the British government wasn't enforcing laws in the colonies in the 1700s. The colonists governed themselves. The Navigation Act was passed and it put the first laws on trade regulation in the colonies. When the government started to enforce more laws the colonists resisted and realized they could fight back. Riots broke out and groups formed such as Sons of Liberty.
https://historyofmassachusetts.org/what-was-the-british-policy-of-salutary-neglect/ -
The Great Awakening/Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a philosophical movement that emphasized a scientific and logical view of the world. The thinking of the time was that humanity could be improved through rational change. The Great Awakening was later during the 1730s and 1740s. This was a religious revival and Christian leaders often traveled around, preaching and emphasizing their religion. A renewal toward their dedication to religion was the result.
https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening -
The Albany Plan
The Albany plan was a proposal to unify and organize the 13 colonies under one government. In New York, Benjamin Franklin proposed the idea to some of his colleagues and published the "Join or Die" poster. A meeting took place known as the Albany Congress to discuss the plan. The plan was rejected by the colonial government or wasn't acted on at all because they felt that it would curb their authority and territorial rights.
Notes and https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan -
French-Indian War
The French and Indian War occurred because of conflict between the British and the French over control of the Ohio River Valley. The war began after the British commanded to French to abandon Fort Leboeuf and the French refused. This led to two smaller battles that mark the beginning of the whole war. The war took place in many locations, North America, Canada, and the Caribbean. The War ended with the Treaty of Paris.
https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war -
Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation of 1763 was issued by King George III after the Seven Year's War. It forbid settlement west of a line along the Appalachian Mountains. The British tried to tighten their control of their colonies. This was the first measure that affected all 13 colonies. The Proclamation allowed only licensed traders to travel west or deal with Indians. This was supposed to protect the colonists from Indian rampages.
https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/1763-proclamation-of
